In a broad sense, it refers to a business group based on family property and characterized by family control, such as the Rockefeller, Krupp, Tarter, Morgan, Kuhn-Loeb, Rothschild, and Zhejiang, but in a narrow sense, it refers to the family conglomerates in Japan before World War II. There were three large general conglomerates, the Mitsui, Mitsubishi, and Sumitomo, financial conglomerates such as the Yasuda and Kawasaki, industrial conglomerates such as the Asano, Okura, and Furukawa, and dozens of small local conglomerates, but they all had one thing in common: they all had a holding company with family or clan investment at the top as the governing body, which held and controlled subsidiaries and sub-subsidiaries in a pyramid shape. *Some of the terminology that refers to "family Konzern" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…広義には,家産を基礎とし,同族支配に特徴づけられた企業集団を指すことばで,ロックフェラー財閥,クルップ,ターター財閥,モルガン財閥,クーン=ローブ財閥,ロスチャイルド財閥(ロスチャイルド家),浙江財閥などと使われるが,狭義には,第2次世界大戦前の日本におけるファミリー・コンツェルンfamily Konzernを指す用語である。大は三井財閥,三菱財閥,住友財閥の三大総合財閥から,安田財閥,川崎財閥などの金融財閥,浅野財閥,大倉財閥,古河財閥などの産業財閥,小は数十に及ぶ地方財閥が存在したが,家族ないし同族の出資による持株会社を統轄機関として頂点にもち,それが子会社,孫会社をピラミッド型に持株支配するコンツェルンを形成していた点に共通点がある。… ※「family Konzern」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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