Slovenia is the official language of the Republic of Slovenia. It belongs to the South Slavic group of languages. It is spoken by about 2 million people in the country, as well as in parts of Austria, Italy, and Hungary, with a total speaker population of about 2.22 million. It is the most dialectally divided of the Slavic languages, with about 50 dialects divided into seven dialect groups. It is written in the Latin alphabet, with a total of 25 vowels, including č, š, and ž, which are accompanied by auxiliary marks. Vowels, when accented, are opposed to long and short vowels, and open and closed vowels. In terms of morphology, it retains the morphology of both numbers in the number category of nouns, and the past tense and object participle in verbs, and thus retains the vestiges of the archaic structure of Slavic languages. The language of the Freising Fragment (around the end of the 10th century), one of the manuscripts of Old Church Slavonic, is considered to be the prototype of Slovenian. The formation of standard written language was completed at the end of the 19th century, while standards for standard spoken language were established relatively recently. [Kurihara Shigeru] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
スロベニア共和国の国語。南スラブ語群に属する。国内で約200万の人々によって話されるほか、オーストリア、イタリア、ハンガリーの一部でも話され、全体で約222万の言語人口をもつ。スラブ語派中もっとも方言分裂の著しい言語で、約50の方言があり、七つの方言群に区分される。文字はラテン文字を用い、補助記号のついたč、š、žの3個を含めて全部で25個ある。母音は、アクセントのある場合、長母音と短母音、開口母音と閉口母音が対立する。形態面では、名詞類の数のカテゴリーにおいて両数の語形を保存し、動詞においては大過去の時制や目的分詞を保存するなど、スラブ語の古風な構造のおもかげをよくとどめている。古代教会スラブ語の写本の一つ『フライジング断片』(10世紀末ごろ)の言語はスロベニア語の原型と考えられている。標準文章語は19世紀末に形成過程が完了し、標準口語の規準は比較的最近、確立された。 [栗原成郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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