Single note - tan on

Japanese: 単音 - たんおん

The smallest unit of speech that is the subject of phonetics. It refers to the sound that is produced when the articulatory organs are in a fixed position or making a fixed motion, and when the airflow passes from one wider position to another. A single phone with a sustained part is called a "sustained sound." Examples are the two single phones [k] and [a] in "mosquito" (= [ka]). There are also single phones that are constantly moving and do not have a sustained part, such as the [j] in "arrow" (= [ja]), which are called "transition sounds." In other words, a sound that is produced when it is moving independently of the single phones before and after it is also a single phone. However, even though it is a unit of speech, speech itself is a continuum, and the act of dividing it into units itself has phonemes as its background. Therefore, the two should be considered as being in a mutually applicable relationship. Note that the term "single phone" is used at the level of a specific individual utterance, as well as at the level of social and customary speech, such as "The Japanese single phoneme [k] is..."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

音声学の対象とする音声の最小単位。調音器官が一定の位置をとっているか，一定の運動を繰返している瞬間に生じる音，および気流の通路のより広い位置からその位置へ，またその位置からより広い位置へわたる際に生じる音をいう。持続部のある単音を「持続音」という。「蚊」 (＝［ka］) の2つの単音［k］［a］はその例。また，「矢」 (＝［ja］) の［j］のように，常に動いていて持続部の認められない単音もあり，「わたり音」という。すなわち，前後の単音とは関係ない独立の運動をしている際に出る音も単音である。ただし，音声の単位といっても，音声そのものは連続体なのであり，それを単位に切ること自体，音素を背景にしていることになる。したがって，両者は相互に該当し合う関係としてとらえるべき性格をもっている。なお，単音は，具体的な1回1回の発話のレベルでも，また，「日本語の単音［k］は…」のように社会習慣的音声のレベルでも用いられることがある。

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