A tool attached to the bottom of hiking boots to prevent slipping when ascending or descending snowy or icy slopes. The correct name is Steigeisen. In Japan, hunters and charcoal burners used a similar tool called Kanakanjiki. It has been used for a long time in the Alps region of Europe and was imported to Japan in 1921 (Taisho 10). It is also called crampon in English, but the abbreviated name Eisen has become more common. It is structured with 4 to 12 metal claws that dig into the snowy and icy slopes, and in recent years the number of claws has increased, with many having spurs on the toes, and the manufacturing method has changed from forging to stamping steel plate. It can be said that the development of crampons has led to a rapid advancement in winter mountaineering techniques. [Tokuhisa Kyuuou] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
雪や氷の斜面を登降するとき滑落を防止するため登山靴の底に装着する用具。正しくはシュタイクアイゼンSteigeisenという。日本でも古く猟師や炭焼きの人々がカナカンジキと称する類似の用具を使用していた。ヨーロッパのアルプス地方で古くから使用され、日本には1921年(大正10)に輸入された。英語でクランポンcramponともよばれるが、略称のアイゼンが一般化した。構造は4~12本の金属製の爪(つめ)が氷雪の斜面に食い込むようにつくられ、近年はさらに爪の本数が増え、つまさきに蹴爪(けづめ)のついたものが多く、製法も鍛造から鋼板打抜きのものが多くなった。アイゼンの発達によって冬季登山の技術が急速に進歩したといってよい。 [徳久球雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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