Koi (carp) - Carp

Japanese: コイ(鯉) - コイ

A fish of the carp family. It is widely distributed in the temperate zone of the Eurasian continent, and in North America and Australia, transplants have become wild. It grows to 80 cm in length, but is usually around 40 cm. It resembles a crucian carp, but has four whiskers. The wild species (magoi) is small in height and large in width, with a greenish-brown back and golden sides. It lives in ponds, swamps, and the middle and lower reaches of slow-flowing rivers, and is omnivorous. It is one of the most important edible freshwater fish, and is widely cultivated. It is popular in carp soup, arai, and Chinese cuisine. Ornamental Nishikigoi (nishikigoi), also called Irogoi or Hanagoi, are bred and improved in the Yamakoshi region of Niigata Prefecture based on a mutant species of Magoi. The main varieties are Akashiro, Taisho Sanke, Showa Sanke, and Asagi. German carp has significantly fewer scales, is meaty, and grows quickly. In October 2003, a large number of farmed carp died in Lake Kasumigaura due to Koi Herpesvirus (KHV), and the damage subsequently spread to other areas (910 cases of KHV-infected carp were discovered in 2004).

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

コイ科の魚。ユーラシア大陸温帯部に広く分布し，北米，オーストラリアなどでは移殖されたものが野生化している。体長80cmになるが，ふつう40cmほど。フナに似るが４本の口ひげがある。野生種（マゴイ）は体高が小さく体幅が大きく，背は緑褐色，体側は黄金色を帯びる。池や沼，流れのゆるやかな川の中・下流などにすみ，雑食性。淡水魚中，最も重要な食用魚の一つで，養殖も盛ん。鯉こく，あらい，中国料理に喜ばれる。観賞用のニシキゴイ（錦鯉）はイロゴイ，ハナゴイなどともいわれ，マゴイの突然変異種を基調として，新潟県山古志地方で育種改良されたもの。おもな品種に赤白・大正三色・昭和三色・浅黄系などがある。ドイツゴイは鱗を著しく少なくしたもので，肉が多く，成長の早いのが特徴である。2003年10月に霞ヶ浦でコイヘルペスウイルス（KHV）病による養殖コイの大量死が発生し，その後，各地に被害が拡大した（2004年のKHV感染コイの発見件数910件）。

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

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