…The ancient Romans were the first to exploit the fact that brick, stone, and concrete vaults can support heavy loads, are suitable for constructing large roofs and ceilings, and create varied spaces. The Romans used a variety of vaults, including the cross vault, which is made by joining two tunnel vaults at a right angle, and the cloister vault. The Islamic countries of the Middle East, which developed the ancient Persian tradition, came up with beautiful vaults with stalactite-like decorations and fantastical domes shaped like leek heads. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "cross vault" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…煉瓦,石,コンクリートのボールトが,大きな荷重を支持でき,大規模な屋根や天井を造るのに適しており,また変化にとむ空間を造りあげるという特色を活用したのは,古代ローマである。ローマ人は2本のトンネル・ボールトを直角に組み合わせた交差ボールトcross vaultや角(かく)ドームcloister vaultなど各種のボールトを使用した。古代ペルシアの伝統を発展させた中東のイスラム諸国では,鍾乳石のような装飾をもつ美しいボールトやネギ坊主形の幻想的なドームを考案した。… ※「cross vault」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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