Shurai

Confucian scriptures. Together with "Girai" and "Rites", they are known as the Three Rites. Its original name was "Zhouguan". It is said to have been discovered during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (2nd century BCE). It was revered by Liu Xin and other ancient literature scholars as a book in which the Duke of Zhou wrote about the official system of the Zhou Kingdom, and despite being rejected by the modern literature school, it gained authority in the study of rituals due to the popularity of Zheng Xuan's "Zhou Rites Zhu" of the Later Han Dynasty. At times, it had a certain influence on real political systems (such as in the Xin and Northern Zhou dynasties). The book is divided into six parts: Heaven, Earth, Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter, and details the numbers and duties of 62 types of Heavenly Officials related to the imperial court and property, 76 types of Earthly Officials related to local administration and products, 69 types of Spring Officials related to rites, music, divination, 66 types of Summer Officials related to the military and feudal affairs, and 66 types of Autumn Officials related to the judiciary and diplomacy. Winter Officials were missing from the beginning, and are supplemented by the Kaogongji, which lists 30 types of duties for workers. The Zhou Li is an idealistic book of official positions written after the Warring States period, but many parts reflect the reality of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. Based on Zheng Xuan's Commentary on the Liturgy of Zhou, Jia Gongyan of the Tang Dynasty wrote Commentary on the Liturgy of Zhou (one of the Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics), and Sun Yirang of the late Qing Dynasty perfected the results of Qing Dynasty scholarly research and wrote Zhou Liturgy Zhengyi.

[Takahashi Tadahiko]

``Shurei Interpretation'' by Jiro Honda, proofread by Tanenari Harada (1977, 1979, Shuei Publishing)''

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

儒教経典。『儀礼(ぎらい)』『礼記(らいき)』とあわせて三礼(さんらい)とよぶ。原名は『周官(しゅうかん)』。前漢の武帝(ぶてい)期（前2世紀）に発見されたという。周公が周王国の官制を記した書として、劉歆(りゅうきん)はじめ古文学派に尊奉され、今文(きんぶん)学派の排斥にもかかわらず、後漢(ごかん)の鄭玄(じょうげん)の『周礼注』の盛行により、礼学上の権威を獲得した。ときに、現実の政治制度に一定の影響を与えた（新(しん)や北周など）。内容は、天地春夏秋冬の6部に分かれ、宮廷や財産関係の天官62種、地方行政や物産関係の地官76種、礼楽卜祝(ぼくしゅく)関係の春官69種、軍事や封建関係の夏官66種、司法や外交関係の秋官66種について、その員数と職務を詳述する。冬官は当初より欠け、工人の職務30種を記す『考工記』をもって補われている。『周礼』は、戦国以降に著述された理想上の職官書であるが、春秋戦国期の現実内容を反映する部分も多い。鄭玄の『周礼注』に基づき、唐の賈公彦(かこうげん)が『周礼注疏(ちゅうそ)』（『十三経(じゅうさんぎょう)注疏』の一つ）を著し、清(しん)末の孫詒譲(そんいじょう)は清朝考証学の成果を大成して『周礼正義』を著した。

［高橋忠彦］

『原田種成校閲、本田二郎著『周礼通釈』上下（1977、79・秀英出版）』

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