Yuan Chong-huan (English spelling)

Japanese: 袁崇煥 - えんすうかん（英語表記）Yuan Chong-huan; Yüan Ch`ung-huan

[raw]?
[Died] 1630
A military commander in the late Ming Dynasty of China. Born in Dongguan (Guangdong Province). His courtesy name was Xianxian. In 1619, he was appointed as a Jinshi (official scholar). He was promoted from a miscellaneous position to a censorship position, and defended Ningyuan City (Xingcheng County, Liaoning Province) during an attack by the Qing army. In 26, he was surrounded by Nurhaci, the Qing Emperor's Grand Master, but he repelled the attack with Portuguese artillery, seriously wounding the Grand Master. For this, he was appointed governor of Liaodong, and in 28, he was promoted to minister of war and served as commander of Jiliao, defending the northeastern border. The following year, when the Qing army traveled around Mongolia and approached Beijing, he quickly retreated and fought back, but he was accused of luring the enemy, imprisoned, and crucified. After that, the Ming Dynasty fell into ruin due to a lack of talented people to defend the borders.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]?
[没]崇禎3(1630)
中国，明末の武将。東莞 (広東省) の人。字は元素。万暦 47 (1619) 年の進士。僉事から累進して按察使となり，清軍の攻撃にあたり寧遠城 (遼寧省興城県) を守備し，天啓6 (26) 年清の太祖ヌルハチ (奴児哈赤)に包囲されたが，ポルトガル砲で撃退し，太祖に重傷を負わせた。その功で遼東巡撫となり，崇禎1 (28) 年には兵部尚書に進み，薊遼 (けいりょう) 督師を兼ねて，東北辺を防衛した。翌年清軍がモンゴルを回って北京に迫ると，急ぎ軍を返し防戦したが，敵を誘導するとの讒言にあって獄に下され，磔刑になった。そののち明朝は辺境守備に人材なく，滅亡した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Enstatite

>>: Salt water selection - Ensuisen