...Chu Nom records of Vietnamese literature date back to the 14th century, but many of the famous literary works that have been passed down today date from the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 20th century, a romanized writing system called Quoc Nguyen became widespread as the national script, and Chu Nom is no longer in use today. Classical literature is also handed down and read by transcribing it using this romanized writing system. [Toru Mineya]... [Vietnamese]...From the 14th to 15th centuries, a script called Chu Nom was created from Chinese characters (the character Chu Nho (儒)) to write Vietnamese, and long narrative poems in Vietnamese were written and transmitted, but in the 20th century, with the spread of the Roman alphabet, the script gradually fell out of use. Today, Vietnamese is written in the Roman alphabet called quô'c ngũ' (the phonetic equivalent of the Chinese character (national language)). The written language as a common language was established mainly based on the northern dialect, but although it is written in the Roman alphabet, each dialect in the region has its own unique way of reading it. ... From [Load]…He was well versed in the language and history of Vietnam, and compiled and published the Annamese-Portuguese-Latin Dictionary (1651), the oldest document printed in the Roman alphabet in Vietnamese. He also wrote a general history of Vietnam, the History of the Kingdom of Tonkin, in Latin (1652) and French (1653). The Romanization of Vietnamese that he invented, with minor modifications, became the unique Romanization system Quoc Ngu (meaning "national language"), which is the only writing system for modern Vietnamese. The contents of his dictionary, along with the Vietnamese written in the Latin-Vietnamese translation of the Eight Days' Catechesis for Those Who Want to Atone and Enter the Christian Faith (1652), are highly regarded as accurate sources of the Vietnamese language in the 17th century. He died in Isfahan while on a mission in Persia. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kwok Gu" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…チュノムによるベトナム文学の記録は14世紀ころからといわれるが,今日伝わる著名な文学作品の多くは18~19世紀のものである。20世紀に入るとクォク・グゥquô’c ngũ’と呼ばれるローマ字表記法が国字として普及して,今日ではチュノムは通用しておらず,古典文学もこのローマ字正書法による転写で伝えられ読まれている。【三根谷 徹】。… 【ベトナム語】より…14~15世紀の頃から,ベトナム語を表記するためにチュノムと呼ばれる文字が漢字(チュ・ニョ〈儒〉の字)から造られて,ベトナム語による長編の物語詩などが書かれ伝えられたが,20世紀に入るとローマ字の普及によりその文字はしだいに用いられなくなった。今日のベトナム語を表記する文字は〈クォク・グゥquô’c ngũ’〉(漢字〈国語〉の字音をあてたもの)と呼ばれるローマ字正書法である。共通語としての文字言語は,主として北部方言を基盤として成立したが,ローマ字で書かれながら,その読みは各地の方言で固有の読み方が行われている。… 【ロード】より…ベトナムの言語と歴史に通じ,ベトナム語をローマ字で印刷した最も古い文献である《アンナン(ベトナム)語・ポルトガル語・ラテン語辞典》(1651)を編纂・刊行し,またベトナムの通史《トンキン王国史》をラテン語(1652)とフランス語(1653)で著した。ロードが考案したベトナム語のローマ字表記法は,わずかな修正を経て,現代ベトナム語の唯一の書記法である独特のローマ字体系クォク・グゥ(〈国語〉の意)となっているばかりでなく,その辞典の内容はラテン語とベトナム語の対訳による《贖罪を望みキリスト教の信仰に入らんとする者のための8日間の教理問答》(1652)に記述されたベトナム語とともに,17世紀のベトナムの言語を正確に伝える資料として高く評価されている。ペルシアで伝道中イスファハーンで没した。… ※「クォク・グゥ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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