Polyvinyl chloride resin - PVC

Abbreviated as PVC resin. General formula


It is a vinyl chloride polymer represented by the formula: At present, it is mainly produced industrially by suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride. That is, vinyl chloride monomer is added to water containing a small amount of dispersant (mainly poly(vinyl alcohol)) and polymerization initiator in a pressure-resistant reaction vessel, and the mixture is vigorously stirred and dispersed/suspended to carry out the polymerization reaction. After the reaction is complete, the PVC particles are separated from the suspension slurry and dried to obtain a granular PVC powder with a particle size of about 100-150 μm. Emulsion polymerization has been used in Europe for a long time, but is now used to produce so-called paste resins for special purposes. Bulk polymerization is also being used in some areas to reduce the amount of water used and the cost of suspension polymerization. PVC powder is white and has a density of 1.2-1.6 g cm ^-3. 1.54. It has a glass transition point of 70-80 °C and melts at about 150-200 °C. It has excellent water, acid, and alkali resistance, electrical insulation, and is flame retardant. However, it is relatively poor at resisting heat and light, and becomes discolored when dehydrochlorinated. Therefore, it is generally processed by adding auxiliary materials such as plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers. Depending on the amount of plasticizer mixed in, it can be classified as soft or hard. It is widely used in films, leather, wire coating, sheets, fibers, pipes, etc., and is also widely used as a copolymer of vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, acrylic esters, acrylonitrile, etc. [CAS 9002-86-2][See other terms] Rigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinyl chloride)

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

略称PVC樹脂．一般式


で表される塩化ビニルの重合体．現在，工業的には主として塩化ビニルの懸濁重合でつくられている．すなわち，耐圧反応容器内に少量の分散剤(おもにポリ(ビニルアルコール))，重合開始剤を含む水中に塩化ビニルモノマーを加え，はげしくかくはん，分散懸濁させて重合反応を行わせる．反応終了後，懸濁スラリーからPVC粒子を分離，乾燥させると粒径約100～150 μm のPVC粒状粉末が得られる．乳化重合は古くからヨーロッパで行われてきたが，現在では特殊用途のいわゆるペースト樹脂の生産に採用されている．水の使用量を減らして懸濁重合のコストを下げる試みとして，塊状重合も一部では行われている．PVC粉末は白色で，密度1.2～1.6 g cm^－3．1.54．ガラス転移点70～80 ℃，約150～200 ℃ で融解する．耐水，耐酸，耐アルカリ性，電気絶縁性にすぐれ，難燃性である．しかし，熱，光に比較的抵抗性を欠き，脱塩酸して着色する．したがって，一般に可塑剤，安定剤，充填剤などの補助材料を加え成形加工される．可塑剤の混入度によって軟質，硬質に分けられる．フィルム，レザー，電線被覆，シート，繊維，パイプなどで広く利用されているほか，酢酸ビニル，塩化ビニリデン，アクリル酸エステル，アクリロニトリルなどの共重合体としての用途も多い．[CAS 9002-86-2][別用語参照]硬質ポリ(塩化ビニル)，ポリ(塩化ビニル)

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