The name of the 185 km long river that flows from the Tigris and Euphrates at al-Qurna to the Persian Gulf. Both banks are world-famous for their date palms. A few kilometers downstream from Basra, the river overlaps with the Iran-Iraq border, but a 1937 treaty changed the existing agreement by shifting the border from the center line of the river (thalweg) to the eastern bank, which became a source of conflict between the two countries. A 1975 treaty restored the border to the center line in exchange for Iran ceasing to support the Kurdish rebellion in northern Iraq, but the border remains a point of contention between the two countries and was one of the causes of the Iran-Iraq War (1980-88). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ティグリス川とユーフラテス川がクルナal‐Qurnaで合流してからペルシア湾にいたるまでの185kmの川の名。両岸はナツメヤシの世界的な産地である。バスラから数km下流の地点からイラン・イラク国境線と重なるが,1937年の条約で従来の協定が変更されて,国境線が川の中央線thalwegから東岸に移されたため,これが両国の紛争のたねとなった。75年の条約で,イラク北部のクルド族の反乱に対するイランの支援停止と交換に国境線は再び中央線に戻されたが,依然両国の争点の一つで,イラン・イラク戦争(1980‐88)の原因にもなった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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