Vinyl Chloride - Vinyl Chloride

Chloroethene. _{C 2} H ₃ Cl (62.50). _{CH 2} =CHCl. ​​In industry, it is produced by pyrolysis (dehydrochlorination) of 1,2-dichloroethane. The process is as follows:
(1) Ethene and chlorine are reacted in the liquid phase at approximately 85 °C or less using _CuCl2 as a catalyst to synthesize 1,2-dichloroethane.
(2) After 1,2-dichloroethane is washed with alkali and rectified, it is thermally decomposed at 20-40 atm and approximately 500 °C, and the resulting vinyl chloride is separated and purified from the by-product hydrogen chloride.
(3) This by-product hydrogen chloride is further reacted with ethene and oxygen (or air) at 200-300 °C and normal or pressurized pressure using CuCl ₂ as a catalyst (oxychlorination) to produce 1,2-dichloroethane again.

C ₂ H ₄ + Cl ₂ → ClCH ₂ CH ₂ Cl(1)

ClCH ₂ CH ₂ Cl → CH ₂ =CHCl + HCl (2)

C ₂ H ₄ + 2HCl + (1/2)O ₂ → ClCH ₂ CH ₂ Cl + H ₂ O (3)

By repeating steps (2) and (3), all of the by-product hydrogen chloride can be utilized. Colorless gas. Melting point -159.7 °C, boiling point -13.70 °C. Alkaline ether (AES) 0.9471. It polymerizes easily with a catalyst for radical polymerization or anionic polymerization. If it is stored at room temperature for a long time, a polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone is added. It is used to manufacture poly(vinyl chloride), vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers, etc., and is also a raw material for vinylidene chloride. [CAS 75-01-4]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

chloroethene．C₂H₃Cl(62.50)．CH₂=CHCl．工業的には，1,2-ジクロロエタンを熱分解(脱塩化水素)してつくられる．この方法の工程は，
(1)エテンと塩素をCuCl₂触媒により液相約85 ℃ 以下で反応させ，1,2-ジクロロエタンを合成する，
(2)1,2-ジクロロエタンをアルカリ洗浄および精留後，20～40 atm，約500 ℃ で熱分解し，生じる塩化ビニルを副生塩化水素から分離精製する，
(3)この副生塩化水素は酸素(または空気)とともにさらにエテンと200～300 ℃，常圧ないし加圧下でCuCl₂を触媒として反応させ(オキシ塩素化)，ふたたび1,2-ジクロロエタンをつくる．

　C₂H₄ ＋ Cl₂ → ClCH₂CH₂Cl(1)　

　ClCH₂CH₂Cl → CH₂=CHCl ＋ HCl (2)　

　C₂H₄ ＋ 2HCl ＋ (1/2)O₂ → ClCH₂CH₂Cl＋ H₂O　(3)　

(2)～(3)の繰り返しにより，副生塩化水素は全部利用できる．無色の気体．融点－159.7 ℃，沸点－13.70 ℃．0.9471．ラジカル重合やアニオン重合用の触媒によって容易に重合する．常温で長時間貯蔵する場合にはヒドロキノンなどの重合禁止剤を加える．ポリ(塩化ビニル)，塩化ビニリデン-塩化ビニル共重合体などの製造に用いるほか，塩化ビニリデンの原料となる．[CAS 75-01-4]

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