Celali

Japanese: Celali
Celali

In the provinces, there were the decline and rebellions of the sepahis, the indigenization of the Janissaries, the departure of peasants from villages, the transformation of nomads into bandits, and the consolidation of land by some of the wealthy. From the 1590s to the mid-17th century, a series of rebellions broke out frequently in Anatolia and northern Syria, caused by these factors: the sepahis, the lower classes of ulama (students called softa), the urban lower classes, landless peasants, and nomads (these were called the Celali revolts, named after Sheikh Celali, the first of the rebels in the 1580s).
[The rise of local powers]
In the 18th century, the political and social systems of the empire took on a completely different appearance from those of the 15th and 16th centuries.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Celali" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…地方では,シパーヒーの没落と反乱,イエニチェリの土着化,農民の離村,遊牧民の匪賊化,一部富裕層による土地の兼併などがみられた。1590年代から17世紀半ばにかけて,アナトリア,北部シリアでは,これらを原因として,シパーヒー,下層ウラマー(ソフタsoftaとよばれる学生),都市下層民,土地を失った農民,遊牧民による一連の反乱(これらは,1580年代の最初の反乱者シェイフ・ジェラールにちなんでジェラーリーCelali反乱とよばれた)が頻発した。
[在地勢力の台頭]
 18世紀に入ると,帝国の政治・社会体制は,15,16世紀におけるそれとは,まったく別の様相を呈した。…

※「Celali」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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