Hoshino Ruins - Star Ruins

Japanese: 星野遺跡 - ほしのいせき
Hoshino Ruins - Star Ruins

This multi-layered site is located in Yamaguchi, Hoshino-cho, Tochigi City, and dates from the Early Paleolithic to Jomon periods. The topsoil of the alluvial fan on the left bank of the Nagano River contains layers from the Early, Middle, and Late Jomon periods, while the loamy layer below contains layers from the Paleolithic period. In the spring of 1965, local researcher Tsunetami Saito discovered a Levallois-type core, which led to five excavation surveys between that year and 1978. At Trench E, site 3, which was set up at the eastern end of the alluvial fan, 13 layers of Paleolithic culture were identified in the 13-meter-thick loamy layer. The first to fourth layers belong to the Late Paleolithic period, which lasted from 10,000 to 30,000 years ago. However, dating by fission track and thermoluminescence methods revealed that the fifth to thirteenth layers date to the Early Paleolithic period, which dates back from about 32,000 to 80,000 years ago. The stone tools in the lower layer include choppers, pointed stone tools, scrapers, chisels, serrated stone tools, flakes, stone cores, etc., and many of them are small, about 1 to 3 centimeters in size. Furthermore, footprints of large animals have been found on the top surface of the 5th cultural layer.

[Chosuke Serizawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

栃木市星野町山口にある前期旧石器時代~縄文時代の重層遺跡。永野川左岸の扇状地の表土中には縄文時代前・中・後期の、それ以下のローム層中には旧石器時代の文化層がそれぞれ埋もれている。1965年(昭和40)の春、地元の研究家斎藤恒民がルバロワ型石核を発見したのが契機となり、同年から78年までに5回の発掘調査が行われた。扇状地の東端部に設定された第3地点Eトレンチでは、厚さ13メートルのローム層の中に13枚の旧石器時代文化層が確認された。第1~第4文化層は1万年前から約3万年前までの後期旧石器時代に属する。しかし第5~第13文化層は約3万2000年前から約8万年前までさかのぼる前期旧石器時代のものであることが、フィッショントラック法および熱ルミネセンス法による年代測定の結果明らかにされた。下層の石器群は、チョッパー、尖頭(せんとう)石器、スクレーパー、彫刻刀、鋸歯縁(きょしえん)石器、剥片(はくへん)、石核などを含み、1~3センチメートル程度の小形品が多い。なお、第5文化層の上面から大形動物の足跡が検出されている。

[芹沢長介]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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