Spirea - Spirea

Japanese: シモツケソウ - しもつけそう
Spirea - Spirea

A perennial plant of the Rosaceae family (APG classification: Rosaceae). Also known as Meadowsweet. It grows to a height of 0.6-1 meter and branches sparsely. The terminal leaf is a large palmately pinnate compound leaf with 5-7 lobes. In July and August, it produces a cyme at the top of the stem, densely bearing 4-5 mm red flowers. It has 4-5 oval petals and 4-5 curled calyxes. It grows in the mountainous areas of central and southern Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The name refers to the fact that the plant resembles the spirea, a deciduous shrub of the same Rosaceae family, whose flowers are similar.

Other members of the same genus include Onishimotsuke (Oni Shimotsuke), Kyoganoko (Kyōkanoko), and Seiyōnatsukisō (Western Summer Snow Flower). Onishimotsuke (F. camtschatica (Pall.) Maxim. ( F. kamtschatica Maxim.) has a stem that is 1-2 meters tall and grows densely in cymes of small white flowers in July and August. It is the largest of the Spiraea species, with hairy stems and leaves and densely bristly achenes. It is found in Honshu from the Chugoku region eastward, Hokkaido, Karafuto (Sakhalin), the Kuril Islands, and Kamchatka. Kyoganoko (F. purpurea Maxim.) has an upright stem that is 0.6-1.5 meters tall, tinged with purple-red, and hairless. The leaves are palmate with 5-7 lobes and long stalks. It grows densely in cymes with small reddish purple flowers from June to July. It is said to be a species native to Japan, and has been cultivated since ancient times, but is no longer found growing wild. Its name comes from the fact that the inflorescence resembles the Kanoko dyeing technique of Kyoto dyeing. F. ulmaria Maxim. is native to Western Asia, Mongolia, and Europe, and has stems 1 to 2 meters tall and palmate leaves with 3 to 5 shallow lobes and 5 to 10 centimeters long. It grows numerous small white flowers in cymes from July to August. There is also F. ulmaria Maxim., a type of F. ulmaria, which flowers in June and July and has yellow spots on its leaves. All species grow well in fertile soil with moderate moisture, and also in partial shade. F. ulmaria is somewhat sensitive to the cold, so it is best to protect it from the cold in cold areas.

[Uoman Eiichi January 21, 2020]

[Reference item] | Spirea
Spirea
In July and August, it produces a cyme at the top of the stem and produces dense red flowers. The name means that the flowers resemble the deciduous shrub spirea. Also known as spirea. ©Shogakukan Photo by Fujio Aoyama ">

Spirea


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

バラ科(APG分類:バラ科)の多年草。クサシモツケともいう。高さは0.6~1メートルで、まばらに分枝する。頂葉は大きな掌状に5~7裂した羽状複葉となる。7~8月、茎頂に集散花序をつくり、4~5ミリメートルの紅色花を密につける。花弁は4~5枚、卵円形、萼(がく)は4~5枚で反り返る。本州の中南部、四国、九州の山地に生育する。名は、花が同じバラ科の落葉低木のシモツケに似た草の意味である。

 同属に、オニシモツケ(鬼下野)、キョウガノコ(京鹿子)、セイヨウナツユキソウ(西洋夏雪草)などがある。オニシモツケF. camtschatica (Pall.) Maxim.(F. kamtschatica Maxim.)は、茎は高さ1~2メートル、7~8月、白色の小花を集散花序に密生する。シモツケソウの仲間ではいちばん大形で、茎、葉に毛があり、痩果(そうか)は剛毛を密生する。本州の中国地方以東、北海道、樺太(からふと)(サハリン)、千島、カムチャツカに分布する。キョウガノコF. purpurea Maxim.は、茎は高さ0.6~1.5メートル、直立して紫紅色を帯び、無毛。葉は掌状で5~7裂し、長い柄をもつ。6~7月、集散花序に紅紫色の小花を密生する。日本原産種とされ、昔から栽培されているが、現在、自生はみられない。名は、花序を京染めの鹿の子(かのこ)絞りに見立てたもの。セイヨウナツユキソウF. ulmaria Maxim.は、西アジア、モンゴルおよびヨーロッパの原産種で、茎は高さ1~2メートル、葉は掌状で浅く3~5裂し、長さ5~10センチメートル。7~8月、集散花序に白色の小花を多数つける。セイヨウナツユキソウの一種で、花期が6~7月で葉に黄の斑(ふ)の入るフイリセイヨウナツユキソウもある。いずれの種類も適湿の肥沃(ひよく)地がよく、また半日陰程度でもよく育つ。キョウガノコはやや寒さに弱いので、寒地では防寒したほうがよい。

[魚躬詔一 2020年1月21日]

[参照項目] | シモツケ
シモツケソウ
7~8月、茎頂に集散花序をつくり、紅色花を密につける。名は、花が落葉低木のシモツケに似た草の意。別名クサシモツケ©Shogakukan 撮影/青山富士夫">

シモツケソウ


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