Hanyo

A general term for pottery kilns operated by feudal domains under the Edo period shogunate-han system. Domain kilns are broadly divided into three types: (1) kilns with a garden-like character for the feudal lord; (2) kilns for firing pottery for gifts or offerings to feudal lords or shoguns or for the domain, regardless of profitability; (3) kilns opened at the domain's discretion for the purpose of increasing production. In the case of (3), there is a problem in terms of the balance between the capital structure and private sector, but it is difficult to define the concept of a domain kiln, and there are almost no written historical documents, so it is difficult to define it strictly except in special cases. Pottery kilns that domains were involved in, even if they were not directly operated by the domain, began in the early Edo period and increased in number as time went on. Takamatsu ware, Odo ware, and Nabeshima ware are representative domain kilns of the early Edo period. The exact nature of feudal kilns such as Hagi ware, Takatori ware, and Satsuma ware is unknown.

[Yoshiaki Yabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸時代の幕藩体制下、藩が経営した陶窯の総称。藩窯は大きく次の3種に分類される。〔1〕藩主の御庭焼(おにわやき)的性格の窯(かま)。〔2〕採算を度外視して、大名や将軍への贈答・献上物や藩用の焼物を焼く窯。〔3〕殖産を目的として藩のきもいりで開窯されたもの、などである。〔3〕の場合、実際上は資本形態の民間との兼ね合いに問題があるが、藩窯の概念規定はむずかしく、ほとんど文献史料もないので、厳密な規定は特殊な場合を除いて困難である。藩が直接経営しないまでもかかわりをもつ陶窯は江戸前期に始まり、時代が下るとともに増大していった。高松焼、尾戸(おど)焼、鍋島(なべしま)焼は江戸前期の代表的藩窯。萩(はぎ)焼、高取(たかとり)焼、薩摩(さつま)焼などの藩窯的性格は厳密には不詳である。

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