LSD - LSD

Japanese: LSD - えるえすでぃー
LSD - LSD

Lysergic acid diethylamide (d -lysergic acid diethylamide) is a powerful hallucinogen (psychotic substance), and is an abbreviation of the German Lyserg säure diäthylamid. It was invented in 1943 by Swiss chemist Hoffmann, who discovered it after experiencing an abnormal mood while researching ergot alkaloids. It is easily absorbed through the digestive tract, and even a small dose of 20 micrograms can cause sensory abnormalities, hallucinations, and symptoms similar to depression and schizophrenia. LSD was once popular among young people known as hippies in the United States because of its hallucinogenic effects, but abuse caused more harm than narcotics, and it came to be strictly regulated by law. The hallucinatory effects of LSD include things appearing distorted, stains on the wall looking like human faces, faces appearing exaggerated and cartoon-like, colors become more intense, vividly colored images flash, the person experiences a supernatural sensation as if they were touching sounds and is drawn into an abnormal state of mind, the person's emotions change drastically, shifting from pessimism to optimism or, conversely, being overcome by anxiety or fear, and the person enters into a state of trance with bizarre fantasies and delusional, unrealistic fanaticism.

LSD has not yet been confirmed for clinical use, and is merely being considered for experimental use in the fields of psychophysiology and psychopharmacology by causing special mental disorders. It is known to be antagonized by phenothiazine drugs such as chlorpromazine. In Japan, LSD and its salts were designated as narcotics in February 1970.

[Fumiji Koho]

[Reference] | Drugs

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

強力な幻覚剤(精神異常発現物質)リゼルギン酸ジエチルアミドd-lysergic acid diethylamideのことで、ドイツ語のLyserg säure diäthylamidの頭文字をとった略称。1943年スイスの化学者ホフマンの創製で、麦角(ばっかく)アルカロイドの研究中に異常な気分に襲われた体験から発見された。消化管から容易に吸収され、20マイクログラムの少量の内服で知覚異常や幻覚をはじめ、抑うつ、統合失調症(精神分裂病)に類似の症状を呈する。LSDはアメリカにおいて、その幻覚症状がヒッピーとよばれた若者の間で一時愛好され、乱用の結果、麻薬よりもひどい害をもたらしたことから法律によって厳しく規制されるようになった。LSDの幻覚作用は、物がゆがんで見え、壁のしみが人の顔に見えたり、人の顔は漫画化されたように誇張され、彩色感が強まり、極彩色の映像が明滅し、音に触れるような超自然的な感興をおこして異常な心境に引き込まれ、悲観から楽観へ急変したり、逆に不安や恐怖に襲われるなど情動面の変化が激しく、奇抜な空想や妄想的非現実性狂信で忘我の状態となる。

 LSDはまだ臨床的応用が確認されておらず、特殊な精神障害をおこすことによって精神生理学、精神薬理学の分野で単に実験的な使用が考えられているにすぎない。クロルプロマジンなどのフェノチアジン系薬物によって拮抗(きっこう)されることがわかっている。日本では1970年(昭和45)2月に、LSDとその塩類が麻薬に指定された。

[幸保文治]

[参照項目] | 麻薬

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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