Parity index

Japanese: パリティ指数 - パリティしすう（英語表記）parity index

It is the ratio between the price index of a product and the price index of the goods purchased by the producer (daily necessities, production materials, etc.). It generally refers to the agricultural parity index. Agricultural parity is an index of the overall price fluctuation of the goods purchased for the daily life and management of farmers at the time of price determination, with the base year set as 100. The price fluctuation rate of each item is taken, and weighted average is calculated by multiplying it by the purchase amount in the base year for each item. It was first applied to the determination of agricultural product prices in the United States in 1933, and in Japan, it was used to determine the producer price of rice until it was switched to the "production cost and income compensation method" in 1960. In recent years, it is only used for wheat prices. The method of calculating by simply multiplying the price in the base year by the parity index and sliding it to the fluctuation in the price of production materials purchased by producers is called price parity. In addition, the method of adding a factor that measures the balance of the rate of increase in the consumption level of farmers and non-farmers is called income parity.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

生産物の価格指数とその生産者の購入品 (生活品，生産資材など) の価格指数との比率をいう。一般には農業パリティ指数をさす。農業パリティとは基準年次を 100として，価格決定時の農家の生活上および経営上の購入物資の総合価格の騰落を指数化したもので，各品目の価格変動率をとり，品目別に基準年次の購入量を乗じて加重平均する。 1933年にアメリカで農産物価格の決定に適用されたのが最初で，日本でも 60年に「生産費および所得補償方式」に切換えられるまでは米の生産者価格を決定する際に用いられたことがある。近年は麦価のみに使用されている。なお，基準年次の価格に単純にパリティ指数をかけあわせ，生産者が購入する生産資材の価格の変動にスライドさせて算定する方法を価格パリティという。また，農家と非農家の消費水準の上昇率の均衡をはかる要素を加味したものを所得パリティという。

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