The historical name of radon Rn. In 1899-1900, E. Rutherford, who was researching thorium with RB Owens, called the radioactive gas generated from thorium emanation. In 1900, M. and P. Curie and FE Dorn discovered that radioactive gas was also generated from radium, and distinguished this as radium emanation, and that from thorium as thorium emanation. In 1903, F. Giesel and AL Debierne independently discovered radioactive gas from actinium Ac, and in 1906 it was confirmed that the two were the same nuclide, and the name became actinium emanation. The terms were also shortened to radon Rn, thoron Tn, and actinon An. W. Ramsay, who succeeded in isolating them in 1910, proposed naming them all niton (symbol: Nt), based on the Latin word nitor, meaning "to shine," because the low-temperature solid emits orange-yellow phosphorescence; this was accepted by the International Commission for Atomic Weights in 1912. However, in 1923, the International Committee on Chemical Elements, led by FW Aston, retained the provisional names radonRn ( 222Rn ), thoronTn ( 220Rn ), and actinonAn ( 219Rn ) for each nuclide, but selected radonRn as the element name. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
ラドンRnの歴史的名称.1899~1900年当時,R.B. Owensとともにトリウムを研究していたE. Rutherford(ラザフォード)は,トリウムから発生する放射性の気体をエマネーションとよんだ.1900年にラジウムからも放射性気体が発生することをM. and P. Curie(キュリー)夫妻,F.E. Dornが見つけ,これをラジウムエマネーション,トリウムからのものをトリウムエマネーションと区別した.1903年にはF. GieselとA.L. Debierneが独立にアクチニウムAcからの放射性気体を発見,1906年に両者が同一核種であることが確認され,アクチニウムエマネーションとなった.それぞれを短縮してラドンRn,トロンTn,アクチノンAnともよばれた.1910年に分離に成功したW. Ramsay(ラムゼー)は,低温の固体が橙黄色のりん光を発するところから,ラテン語の“輝く”を意味する言葉nitorをもとに,すべてをまとめてニトン(Niton,記号Nt)と命名することを提案し,1912年のInternational Commission for Atomic Weightsで受け入れられた.しかし,1923年に至りIUPACは,F.W. AstonらのInternational Committee on Chemical Elementsで,それぞれの核種に暫定的に,ラドンRn(222Rn),トロンTn(220Rn),アクチノンAn(219Rn)を残したが,元素名としてはラドンRnを選択した. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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