AP - AP

Japanese: AP - えーぴー
AP - AP

The world's largest news agency, located in the United States. It stands for Associated Press. Its origins date back to 1848, when six New York newspapers founded the Harbor News Association to jointly gather European news from ships arriving at port. At the time, there were five AP organizations, including the New York AP and the Western AP (Chicago), each based in a different region, but in 1900, today's AP was formed in New York. However, from the late 19th century through World War I, the exchange of international news was dominated by European news agencies Reuters, Wolff, and Habas, who entered into exclusive regional agreements to divide the world market into thirds.

AP was also under the control of Reuters and was deprived of the freedom to send and receive domestic and international news, but thanks to the efforts of its first director Melville Stone and Kent Cooper, this agreement was abolished in 1927, and the company took its first steps as a global news agency. After World War II, with the rise of the United States, it became the world's largest news agency. Its corporate motto is "Accuracy, Fairness, and Integrity." It began broadcasting services in 1941, and in 1994 it established APTV (reorganized as APTN in 1998), increasing the proportion of broadcasting member companies. It has 3,700 employees and conducts reporting activities in over 300 locations both domestically and internationally. However, since the late 1990s, with the decline of traditional media, including newspapers, contract companies dropped out, and the company suffered a significant drop in revenue.

[Hisao Komatsubara]

[References] | Abas | News Agency | Reuters

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカにある世界最大の通信社。Associated Pressの略。1848年、ニューヨークの新聞6社が、入港する船舶からヨーロッパのニュースを共同取材するため、ハーバー・ニュース・アソシエーションを設立したのがその起源である。当時はニューヨークAP、ウェスタンAP(シカゴ)など五つのAP組織が各地域に分立していたが、1900年に今日のAPがニューヨークに結成された。しかし、国際ニュースの交流は19世紀後半から第一次世界大戦にかけて、ロイター、ウォルフ、アバスのヨーロッパ系通信社が独占排他的な地域協定を結び、世界市場を3分割していた。

 APもロイターの支配下にあり、内外ニュースの送受信の自由を奪われていたが、初代支配人メルビル・ストーンやケント・クーパーらの努力で、1927年この協定を破棄、世界通信社としての第一歩を踏み出した。第二次世界大戦後、アメリカの隆盛とともに世界最大の通信社となった。「正確、公平、品格」を社是とする。1941年放送サービス開始、1994年にはAPTV(1998年にAPTNに改組)を設立し放送会員社の比重が高まった。従業員3700人を擁し内外300以上の地点で取材活動を行っている。しかし、1990年代後半から新聞をはじめ従来メディアの衰退で契約社が脱落し、大幅な収入減にみまわれた。

[小松原久夫]

[参照項目] | アバス | 通信社 | ロイター

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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