Częstochowa (English spelling)

Japanese: チェンストホバ - ちぇんすとほば(英語表記)Częstochowa
Częstochowa (English spelling)

A city in the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is located about 60 km north of Katowice, on the northern slope of the Kraków-Czestochowa Uplands, facing the Warta River, a tributary of the Odra River. Population 255,549 (2000). It is an industrial city on a par with Katowice and Kraków, and a religious city that has long attracted Catholic pilgrims. After World War II, the iron ore that makes up about 90% of the country's iron ore was combined with coal from the Upper Silesian industrial area to develop the steel and machinery industries. Other industries include various textile, paper and pulp, and leather. It is an old city since its formation in 1356, and prospered along with the Kingdom of Poland as a key transportation hub. The Jasna Góra Monastery, founded in the 14th century, has a painting of the Virgin Mary known as the "Black Madonna," and attracts many pilgrims. There are also many churches from the 15th to 17th centuries.

[Shigeru Yamamoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ポーランド南部、シロンスク県の都市。カトビーツェの北約60キロメートル、クラクフ・チェンストホバ高地の北斜面にあり、オドラ(オーデル)川支流バルタ川に臨む。人口25万5549(2000)。カトビーツェ、クラクフと並ぶ工業都市であるとともに、古くからカトリック巡礼者を集めた宗教都市。全国の約90%を産する鉄鉱石は、第二次世界大戦後、上シロンスク(シュレージエン)工業地帯の石炭と結んで鉄鋼業、機械工業を発展させた。ほかに各種繊維工業、紙・パルプ、皮革工業などがある。1356年に都市を形成して以来の古い都市で、交通上の要衝としてポーランド王国とともに繁栄した。14世紀創建のヤスナ・グーラ修道院は「黒いマドンナ」とよばれる聖母画を有し、多くの巡礼者を集めている。15~17世紀の寺院も多い。

[山本 茂]

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