Africa, its Peoples and their Cultural History

... In 1952, C.O. Sauer, in his book Agricultural Origins and Dispersals, argued that the oldest agriculture, which involved fishing, originated in the islands of Southeast Asia, where cultivated plants such as taro (aroids), yams, and bananas, which have a vegetative reproductive system, originated. In 1959, G.P. Murdoch, in his book Africa, its Peoples and Their Cultural History, was the first to emphasize the existence of a unique and important region in the Niger River basin in West Africa where cultivated plants such as African rice, several millet, and cowpea were domesticated. In 1966, Sasuke Nakao wrote a book entitled "The Origin of Cultivated Plants and Agriculture," in which he used his knowledge and his own botanical explorations across a wide area of ​​Asia to clarify the existence of four major agricultural culture complexes in the world: root crop culture, savannah culture, Mediterranean culture, and New World culture, and pointed out the existence of cultivated plant groups characteristic of each agricultural culture.

*Some of the terminology used in "Africa, its Peoples and their Cultural History" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　その後，1952年サウアーC.O.Sauerは《農耕の起源と伝播Agricultural Origins and Dispersals》という著書の中で，栄養生殖様式をもつタロイモ(サトイモ類)，ヤマノイモ類，バナナなどの栽培植物が起源した東南アジア島嶼部に，漁労を伴ったもっとも古い農耕が起源したと主張した。また59年G.P.マードックは，《アフリカ――人びととその文化史Africa,its Peoples and their Cultural History》という本の中で，西アフリカのニジェール川流域に，アフリカイネや数種の雑穀，ササゲなどの栽培化を伴った独自の重要な栽培植物起源地域の存在することを，初めて強調した。66年中尾佐助は《栽培植物と農耕の起源》という著作の中で，今までの知見やアジアの広い地域にまたがる独自の植物探検調査に基づいて，世界における四大農耕文化複合，つまり根栽農耕文化，サバンナ農耕文化，地中海農耕文化および新大陸農耕文化の存在を明らかにし，各農耕文化に特徴的な栽培植物群の存在を指摘した。…

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