Wilder, Gene

Japanese: ワイルダー(英語表記)Wilder, Gene
Wilder, Gene
Born June 11, 1933 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
[Died] August 28, 2016. Jerome Silberman, an American comedic actor best known for playing hyper-tense, neurotic characters. He graduated from the University of Iowa in 1955 with a Bachelor of Arts in Drama. In 1961, he joined the Actors Studio in New York and studied under Lee Strasberg. He made his Broadway debut in 1961, and continued to appear on Broadway and off-Broadway for the next few years. His film debut was in a minor role in Bonnie and Clyde (1967), starring Warren Beatty. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in The Producers (1968), directed by Mel Brooks, whom he had known during his time on Broadway. He gained stardom in Brooks' comedies in the 1970s. He starred in Young Frankenstein (1974), one of the greatest comedies of all time, and co-wrote the screenplay with Brooks, which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. He later directed, wrote, and starred in other films, but was often described as a copycat of Brooks. After his wife, actress Gilda Radner, died of ovarian cancer in 1989, he founded Gilda's Club, a support group for cancer patients.

Wilder
Wilder, Thornton (Niven)

Born April 17, 1897 in Madison, Wisconsin
[Died] December 7, 1975. New Haven, Connecticut. American novelist and playwright. Spent his childhood in China, where his father was Consul General. After graduating from Yale University, he worked as a teacher and achieved fame with his novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1927, Pulitzer Prize winner). The novel explores whether God's providence was at work in the victims' deaths caused by a collapsed bridge. While teaching at the University of Chicago from 1930 to 1937, he continued to write, publishing a collection of one-act plays, The Long Christmas Dinner (31), and a comic novel about a salesman, Heaven's My Destination (35). He won his second Pulitzer Prize for Our Town (38), a play depicting the problems of life and death through the ordinary life of a small town, and his third Pulitzer Prize for The Skin of Our Teeth (42), a comedy depicting the history of mankind. After World War II, he published The Ides of March (48), a novel based on the historical events of the assassination of Caesar, and The Matchmaker (55), which was also the basis for the musical Hello, Dolly.

Wilder
Wilder, Billy

Born June 22, 1906 in Schafer, Austria
[Died] March 27, 2002. Beverly Hills, California, United States. American film director. Real name Samuel Wilder. Flew from Germany in 1933. In Hollywood, he worked with screenwriter Charles Brackett on films such as The Lost Weekend (1945, Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay) and Sunset Boulevard (1950, Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay). His major works include Stalag 17 (1953), Witness for the Prosecution (1958), Some Like It Hot (1959), and The Apartment (1960, Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay).

Wilder
Wilder, Harris Hawthorne

Born April 7, 1864 in Bangor, Maine.
[Died] February 27, 1928, Northampton. American zoologist and anthropologist. Professor at Smith College. Known for his work on applying finger and palm prints to individual identification, research into racial differences, and the systematic classification of primates. His main works are "History of the Human Body" (1909) and "The Pedigree of the Human Race" (26).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1933.6.11. ウィスコンシン,ミルウォーキー
[没]2016.8.28. コネチカット,スタンフォード
アメリカ合衆国の喜劇俳優。本名 Jerome Silberman。極度に緊張した,神経症的なキャラクターの演技でよく知られた。1955年演劇学士号を取得してアイオワ大学を卒業。1961年ニューヨークのアクターズ・スタジオに入り,リー・ストラスバーグに師事。同 1961年ブロードウェーで初舞台を踏み,その後の数年間はブロードウェーとオフ・ブロードウェーの舞台に出演した。ウォーレン・ビーティ主演の『俺たちに明日はない』Bonnie and Clyde(1967)で端役として映画デビュー。ブロードウェー時代に知己となったメル・ブルックスが監督を務める『プロデューサーズ』The Producers(1968)でゼロ・モステルの相手役に抜擢され,アカデミー賞助演男優賞にノミネートされた。1970年代に入ると,ブルックス監督のコメディ作品でスターの座を獲得。史上最高のコメディ映画の一つに数えられる『ヤング・フランケンシュタイン』Young Frankenstein(1974)では主演を務めるとともに,ブルックスと共同で脚本を執筆し,アカデミー賞脚本賞の候補となった。その後は監督・脚本・主演にも取り組んだが,ブルックスの亜流と評されることが多かった。妻で女優のギルダ・ラドナーが 1989年に卵巣癌で死去したのをうけ,癌患者の支援団体「ギルダズ・クラブ」Gilda's Clubを設立している。

ワイルダー
Wilder, Thornton (Niven)

[生]1897.4.17. ウィスコンシン,マジソン
[没]1975.12.7. コネティカット,ニューヘーブン
アメリカの小説家,劇作家。父が総領事をしていた中国で幼年時代を過した。エール大学卒業後,教師をつとめながら書いた小説『サン・ルイス・レイ橋』 The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1927,ピュリッツァー賞) で一躍有名になった。これは,橋が落ちたために死んだ犠牲者のうえに,神の摂理が働いていたかどうかを追求した作品である。 1930~37年シカゴ大学で教鞭をとりながら創作を続け,一幕劇集『長いクリスマスの正餐』 The Long Christmas Dinner (31) ,セールスマンを喜劇的に描いた小説『わが行く先は天国』 Heaven's My Destination (35) を発表した。さらに,田舎町の平凡な生活を通して人間の生と死の問題を描いた戯曲『わが町』 Our Town (38) で2度目の,人類の歴史を描いた喜劇『危機を逃れて』 The Skin of Our Teeth (42) で3度目のピュリッツァー賞を得た。第2次世界大戦後はシーザー暗殺の史実に基づく小説『3月 15日』 The Ides of March (48) ,ミュージカル『ハロー・ドリー』の原作にもなった『結婚仲介人』 The Matchmaker (55) を発表した。

ワイルダー
Wilder, Billy

[生]1906.6.22. オーストリア,シュハ
[没]2002.3.27. アメリカ合衆国,カリフォルニア,ビバリーヒルズ
アメリカ合衆国の映画監督。本名 Samuel Wilder。1933年ドイツから亡命。ハリウッドではシナリオライター,チャールズ・ブラケットとの名コンビで『失われた週末』The Lost Weekend(1945,アカデミー賞作品賞,監督賞,脚色賞),『サンセット大通り』Sunset Boulevard(1950,アカデミー賞オリジナル脚本賞)などを発表。主作品『第17捕虜収容所』Stalag 17(1953),『情婦』Witness for the Prosecution(1958),『お熱いのがお好き』Some Like It Hot(1959),『アパートの鍵貸します』The Apartment(1960,アカデミー賞作品賞,監督賞,オリジナル脚本賞)。

ワイルダー
Wilder, Harris Hawthorne

[生]1864.4.7. メーン,バンガー
[没]1928.2.27. ノーサンプトン
アメリカの動物学者,人類学者。スミス大学教授。個体識別,人種差の研究,霊長類の系統分類などに指・掌紋を応用した業績で知られる。主著"History of Human Body" (1909) ,"The Pedigree of the Human Race" (26) 。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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