Huggins, W.

Japanese: Huggins,W.(英語表記)HugginsW
Huggins, W.

…The Andromeda nebula and other nebulae, which can be seen with the naked eye, were already speculated by Wright and Kant to be a collection of many stars like the Milky Way, and later the German A. von Humboldt called these systems island universes (a name that is still sometimes used today to refer to galaxies outside the Milky Way). In the early days when spectroscopy began to be applied to astronomical observations, the British William Huggins (1824-1910) revealed from his spectroscopic observations of about 60 nebulae that there are two types of celestial objects called nebulae: shining gas clouds like the Orion Nebula (clouds of interstellar matter within our Galaxy) and large groups of stars like the Andromeda Galaxy (1864). After that, it was speculated that nebulae like the Andromeda nebula are outside our Galaxy and are celestial objects (galaxies) comparable to the Milky Way, but it was EP Hubble's research using the 2.5m reflecting telescope at Mount Wilson that finally proved this (around 1923). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Huggins, W." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…肉眼でも認められるアンドロメダ星雲をはじめとするこれらの星雲は,すでにライトやカントによって銀河系と同様に多数の恒星の集りであると憶測され,その後ドイツのA.vonフンボルトはこれらの系を島宇宙と呼んだ(銀河系外の銀河の呼名として今日もなお使われることがある)。分光学が天体観測に応用され始めた初期,イギリスのハギンズWilliam Huggins(1824‐1910)は約60個の星雲の分光観測の結果から,星雲と呼ばれる天体にはオリオン星雲のような輝くガス雲(われわれの銀河系内の星間物質の雲)と,アンドロメダ銀河のような恒星の大集団と2種あることを明らかにした(1864)。その後,アンドロメダ星雲のような星雲はわれわれの銀河系の外部にあり,銀河系と対等な天体(銀河)であることが推測されてきたが,そのことを最終的に証明したのはウィルソン山の2.5m反射望遠鏡を用いたE.P.ハッブルの研究であった(1923ころ)。…

※「Huggins,W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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