…On the other hand, Rhazes (Latin name Razes), who knew the excellent medicinal effects of mercury and sulfur, was also a chemist, and in his “Book of Secrets” he tried to make strong acids, aluminium, salts, and even “essences” through chemical operations such as calcination, sublimation, combustion, and melting, using distillers and furnaces that he had improved from ancient ones. In particular, the search for “essences,” that is, the mystical substance that penetrates everything and perfects the imperfect, led to the search for the creation of “elixirs” (from Arabic al‐iksīr, pronounced elixir in English), that is, unique medicines that would cure the inferiority of metals and also cure human diseases. Furthermore, from the 10th to the 13th centuries, many outstanding philosophers with an interest in medicinal chemistry, such as Ibn Sīna (Latin name Avicenna) and al‐'Irāqi, emerged. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "elixir" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,水銀や硫黄のすぐれた医薬効果を知っていたラージー(ラテン名ラゼス)は,化学者でもあり,その《秘密の書》の中で古来のものを改良した蒸留器や炉などを用い,煆焼,昇華,燃焼,溶融などの化学的操作をとおし,強酸,礬類または塩,さらに〈精〉などを作ろうとした。なかでも〈精〉,つまりすべてをつらぬき不完全なものを完全化する霊妙な物質の探究は,〈エリクシルelixir(錬金薬)〉(アラビア語al‐iksīrに由来し,英語読みではエリキサー)作り,すなわち金属の粗悪さを治すとともに,人間の病気をも治す特異な薬剤の探究に向かった。 さらに10~13世紀にかけて,イブン・シーナー(ラテン名アビセンナ),イラーキーal‐‘Irāqīなど,医化学に興味をもつすぐれた哲学者たちがたくさん輩出した。… ※「エリキサー」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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