Rockhill, William Woodville

Japanese: ロックヒル（英語表記）Rockhill， William Woodville

Born: April 1, 1854, Philadelphia
[Died] December 8, 1914, Honolulu American orientalist and diplomat. After serving in the French Army, he became a US diplomat and served in Beijing and Korea (1884-87). He made two research trips to Tibet in 1888-89 and 1891. After returning to the US, he joined the State Department and became Under Secretary of State (1896-97). After serving as minister to Greece, Romania, and Serbia, he became Director of the Bureau of International and American Affairs and was the planner and drafter of the Open Door Declaration (→ Open Door Policy). He was appointed plenipotentiary to deal with the Boxer Rebellion, and served as minister to Beijing from 1905 to 1909, and later transferred to Russia. He was ambassador to Turkey from 1911 to 1913, and died on the way to be a political advisor to Yuan Shikai in 1914. His books include The Life of the Buddha and the Early History of his Order (1884), Diary of a Journey through Mongolia and Tibet in1891-92 (94), and The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World, 1253-55, as narrated by himself, with two Accounts of the earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine (1930).

Rock Hill
Rock Hill

A city in the northern part of South Carolina, USA. Located near the border with North Carolina, it was established in 1851 as a branch office of the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad. During the Civil War, it became a transit point for the Confederate Army's personnel and supplies. In 1867, a cotton mill was built, which triggered the city's development. Today, the city is still centered on the textile industry, with pulp production and other industries. Population 41,643 (1990).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1854.4.1. フィラデルフィア
[没]1914.12.8. ホノルル
アメリカの東洋学者，外交官。フランス陸軍勤務後，アメリカ外交官となり，北京，朝鮮に勤務 (1884～87) 。 1888～89，91年の2回チベットを調査旅行。帰国後国務省に入り，国務次官となった (96～97) 。ギリシア，ルーマニア，セルビアの公使を経て，国際米州局長官に就任，門戸開放宣言 (→門戸開放政策 ) の立案，起草者となった。義和団事変処理全権委員に任じられ，1905～09年北京駐在公使，のちロシア公使に転出。 11～13年トルコ大使，14年袁世凱 (えんせいがい) に政治顧問として招かれる途中死亡。著書『仏陀の生涯および初期仏教史』 The Life of the Buddha and the Early History of his Order (1884) ，『モンゴリア，チベット旅行日誌 (1891～92) 』 Diary of a Journey through Mongolia and Tibet in1891～92 (94) ，『ウィリアム・ルブルクの旅行記』 The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World，1253～55，as narrated by himself，with two Accounts of the earlier Journey of John of Pian de Carpine (1930) 。

ロックヒル
Rock Hill

アメリカ合衆国，サウスカロライナ州北部の都市。ノースカロライナ州境付近にあり，1851年にシャーロット・サウスカロライナ鉄道の出張所として発足。南北戦争中は南軍の人員および物資の輸送中継地になった。 67年に紡績工場ができ，発展の契機となった。現在も繊維工業を中心に，パルプ製造などが行われる。人口4万 1643 (1990) 。

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