Lushan Conference - Lushan Conference

Japanese: 廬山会議 - ろざんかいぎ

The expanded Politburo meeting of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in Lushan, Jiangxi Province, China from July 2 to August 1, 1959, and the 8th Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee was held from August 2 to 16. The purpose of the expanded Politburo meeting was to summarize the lessons learned from the Great Leap Forward of 1958 and to discuss future economic policies, but Peng Dehuai severely criticized Mao's Great Leap Forward, and many central and local leaders agreed with Peng Dehuai. In response, Mao criticized the opinions of Peng Dehuai and his sympathizers Huang Kecheng, Zhang Wentian, and Zhou Xiaozhou as a challenge to the party by right-wing elements. At the 8th Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee, which was held following the expanded Politburo meeting, Peng Dehuai and others were further accused of forming an anti-party military group, and were effectively dismissed from their posts both within and outside the party. After the Lushan Conference, anti-rightist movements were launched throughout the country, not only were many officials criticized, but the reform of the Great Leap Forward was halted, and the economic situation continued to deteriorate.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

1959年7月2日から 8月1日まで中国の江西省廬山で開かれた中国共産党中央政治局拡大会議と，8月2日から 16日までの第8期中央委員会第8回全体会議。中央政治局拡大会議は 1958年の大躍進の教訓を総括し，今後の経済政策を討論することを目的としていたが，彭徳懐が毛沢東の主張した大躍進を厳しく批判し，中央と地方の責任者の多くも彭徳懐の意見に同調した。これに対し毛沢東は，彭徳懐および同調者の黄克誠，張聞天，周小舟らの意見を，右傾分子の党に対する挑戦と批判した。政治局拡大会議に続いて行なわれた 8期8中全会では，彭徳懐らはさらに反党軍事グループを結成したと糾弾され，事実上党内外の職務から解任された。廬山会議後，全国で反右傾運動が展開され，多くの幹部が批判されたのみならず大躍進の是正が中断され，経済状況が引き続き悪化した。

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