Mount Lu

A famous mountain in the northern tip of Jiangxi Province, China. It is said that the name came from the fact that seven brothers surnamed Kuang lived in seclusion in the Yin and Zhou dynasties, and is also called Mount Kuang. It stands at the outlet of Lake Poyang, overlooking the banks of the Yangtze River. It is a mountain mass made of old metamorphic rocks that run northeast-southwest, and is the eastern end of the lateral ridge of the Bakufu Mountains. It is 25 kilometers long and about 10 kilometers wide. The highest point is Hanyang Peak, 1,474 meters high. It was formed by uplift caused by fault movement, and there are cliffs all around and many waterfalls, but the slope is gentle on the top of the mountain, and the valley is a steep canyon in the lower part but wide and gentle in the upper part. The main mountain peaks include Hanyang Peak, Koro Peak, and Wulao Peak. The climate is characterized by high rainfall with an annual rainfall of 1,833 mm, and frequent fog, which causes frequent thunderstorms in the summer. As a result, it is common to see the mountains towering above a sea of ​​clouds. The heavy rainfall allows vegetation to flourish, with over 1,700 species forming a natural botanical garden. As such a scenic spot, it has been a popular destination for poets since ancient times, but after the Opium Wars, the Korei (Kuling) area became a summer resort for Westerners along the Yangtze River, and was also the site of many villas for Kuomintang dignitaries.

After liberation, it was opened as a place for workers to recuperate and recuperate, and a library, movie theater, sanatorium, museum, zoo, etc. were opened mainly in the Guling area, and a road to the top of the mountain was also built. Important meetings of the Kuomintang were held here before liberation, and important national and party meetings are still held on the mountain today.

[Kono Michihiro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、江西省北端部の名山。殷(いん)、周のころ匡(きょう)姓を名のる7兄弟が廬(いおり)を結んで隠棲(いんせい)したことからこの名が出たといわれ、匡山(きょうざん)ともいう。鄱陽(はよう)湖の出口に、長江(ちょうこう／チャンチヤン)（揚子江(ようすこう)）江岸を見下ろしてそびえ立つ。北東―南西の走向を示す古い変成岩よりなる山塊で、幕阜(ばくふ)山脈の余脈の東端にあたり、長さ25キロメートル、幅約10キロメートル。最高点は漢陽峰の1474メートル。成因は断層運動による隆起作用で生じたもので、四周は崖(がけ)をなし、多くの滝があるが、山上は傾斜が緩く、谷も下部では険しい峡谷をなすのに上部では広く緩やかになっている。主要な山峰には漢陽峰、香炉(こうろ)峰、五老峰などがある。気候上の特色は年降水量1833ミリメートルと雨が多く、また霧が多いことで、夏にはしばしば雷雨が発生する。そのためしばしば雲海の上に山々がそびえ立つ光景が見られる。雨が多いので植物はよく繁茂し、種類も1700余種に達し、自然の植物園を形成している。このように絶好の名勝地であるため、古来詩人の来遊も多かったが、アヘン戦争以後、牯嶺(これい／クーリン)地区は長江沿岸の欧米人の避暑地となり、また国民党要人の別荘も多かった。

　解放後は労働者の療養および保養の場所として開放され、牯嶺地区を中心に図書館、映画館、療養院、博物館、動物園などが開設され、山上まで自動車道路も建設された。解放前も国民党の重要会議が開かれたが、現在も山上で国や党の重要会議が開催される。

［河野通博］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例