Historical Archaeology

Japanese: 歴史考古学 - れきしこうこがく
Historical Archaeology

If history is divided into prehistoric and historical periods based on the presence or absence of contemporary documents, then historical archaeology is the study of artifacts and ruins from the historical period. There are various types of archaeology, such as classical archaeology, medieval archaeology, and industrial archaeology, which cover classical antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Industrial Revolution. Interdisciplinary cooperation with philology, architectural history, and other disciplines is essential for research. Western classical archaeology, which is related to ancient Greek and Roman culture, has the longest tradition of historical archaeology, but historical archaeological research and investigations of China, Egypt, and the Near East have also produced remarkable results. In Japan, historical archaeology has been particularly active since the end of World War II. However, there are problems with the basics of historical archaeology. For example, dividing history into prehistoric and historical periods based on the presence or absence of documents, and the adoption of period divisions based on the presence or absence of documents in archaeology that focuses on artifacts, require consideration.

[Fumiei Tsunoda]

"Learn about Japanese Historical Archaeology" edited by Shuichi Sakazume and Ikuo Mori, vol. 3 (1986, Yuhikaku)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

歴史を同時代的文献の有無によって先史時代と歴史時代に二分した場合、歴史時代の遺物・遺跡を研究対象とする考古学をいう。これには、古典古代、中世、産業革命時代を対象とする古典考古学、中世考古学、産業考古学などの別がある。研究に際しては、文献学、建築史学その他の諸学との学際的協力が不可欠である。歴史考古学のうちでもっとも伝統のあるのは、古代ギリシア・ローマ文化にかかわる西方古典考古学であるが、中国、エジプト、オリエントの歴史考古学的な研究調査も目覚ましい成果をあげている。日本のそれは、第二次世界大戦後とくに活発となっている。しかし歴史考古学の基本に関しては問題がある。たとえば、歴史を文献の有無によって先史時代と歴史時代に分けること、遺物を対象とする考古学が文献の有無による時代区分を採用することなどは検討を要する。

[角田文衛]

『坂詰秀一・森郁夫編『日本歴史考古学を学ぶ』3巻(1986・有斐閣)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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