In 1947, American physicists Willis Eugene Lamb and Robert Curtis Retherford used the magnetic resonance of atomic beams to confirm the shift in the energy levels of hydrogen. Calculations based on Dirac's electron theory dictate that the 2s 1/2 and 2p 1/2 levels of the hydrogen atom should coincide, but it had long been pointed out that in reality there seems to be a slight shift. Lamb and Retherford used microwave technology, which had made significant advances in the development of radar during World War II, to precisely measure the shift between these two energy levels, and found a shift of 1052 MHz (this shift is called the Lamb shift). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1947年アメリカの物理学者ラムWillis Eugene LambとレザフォードRobert Curtis Retherfordが,原子線の磁気共鳴を利用して,水素のエネルギー準位のずれを確認した実験。ディラックの電子論による計算からは,水素原子の2s1/2準位と2p1/2準位とは一致するはずであるが,実際には少しずれているらしいことが,前々から指摘されていた。ラムとレザフォードは,第2次世界大戦中レーダー開発のため著しい発展をとげたマイクロ波技術を用いて,この両エネルギー準位のずれの精密測定を行い,1052MHzのずれを見いだしたのである(このずれをラム・シフトという)。
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