Lagos (English spelling) Lagos, Ricardo

Japanese: ラゴス（英語表記）Lagos, Ricardo

Born March 2, 1938. Chilean politician and economist. President (in office 2000-06). Full name Ricardo Lagos Escobar. After graduating from the Faculty of Law at the University of Chile in 1960, he studied at Duke University in the United States and obtained his PhD in Economics in 1966. After returning to Chile, he served as Dean of the Department of Political Science and Public Administration at the University of Chile, and was appointed Ambassador to the Soviet Union by Salvador Allende Gossens, the first Socialist President of Chile (→ Chilean Popular Union government). However, shortly after his nomination, in 1973, a military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet Ugarte collapsed the Allende government, and Lagos' nomination was not approved. Following the coup, he went into exile in the United States. In 1978, he was appointed as an economist at the United Nations. In the early 1980s, he returned to Chile and became the representative of the Democratic Union, an anti-Pinochet opposition coalition. In 1987, he was briefly imprisoned without charge. In the same year, he founded the Party for Democracy. After Pinochet's reelection was rejected in a national referendum in 1988 and Patricio Aylwin became president in 1990, Lagos served as Minister of Education under Aylwin's administration and Minister of Public Works under Frei's subsequent administration. In 1999, he was nominated as the presidential candidate of the Concertación coalition of political parties, including the Chilean Socialist Party and the Christian Democratic Party (PDC). He won the runoff election in January 2000, becoming the first Socialist to hold the presidency since Allende. After taking office, he openly stated his support for the prosecution of Pinochet. Due to his remarkable economic growth and the introduction of democratic reforms, Lagos enjoyed high approval ratings during his term.

Lagos
Lagos

A city in southwestern Nigeria. It is the largest port city in Nigeria, facing the Gulf of Guinea. It consists of islands and lagoons such as Lagos Island, Ido Island, Ikoyi Island, and Victoria Island, as well as the mainland regions of Apapa, Ebute-Metta, Yaba, and Surulere. The port is called Lagos-Apapa. It is hot and humid, with an average annual temperature of 26.3°C. The rainy season is from May to September. The origins of the city date back to the 15th century, when Yoruba fishermen established a settlement on Lagos Island. The Portuguese arrived in 1472, and it became a base for the slave trade. During the period of Benin rule from the late 16th century to the mid-19th century, the Portuguese also traded slaves to America, but from 1851, the British control strengthened, and the slave trade was stopped, and in 1861 the British occupied the city. From 1866 to 1874, it was part of the British West African colony, from 1874 to 1886 it was the Gold Coast colony, and in 1906 it was part of the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. In 1914, when North and South Nigeria merged, it became the capital of the Protectorate of Nigeria, in 1954 it was a Federal Territory, and in 1960 it inherited the title of capital at the time of independence. It remained in this position until 1991, when the capital was moved to the newly built Abuja. It is also the centre of commerce, industry and culture, and handles most of the country's exports and imports except for crude oil. It also has industries in steel, printing, automobile assembly, brewing, food processing, soap, soft drinks and furniture. Lagos Island is the main commercial area, and Apapa is the industrial area. There is a museum, the University of Lagos, and an international airport in Ikeja, in the northwest. Population: 8.03 million (2002).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1938.3.2. サンチアゴ
チリの政治家，経済学者。大統領（在任 2000～06）。フルネーム Ricardo Lagos Escobar。1960年にチリ大学法学部を卒業後，アメリカ合衆国のデューク大学に学び，1966年に経済学博士号を取得。帰国後にチリ大学政治行政学科長を務めたのち，チリ初の社会党大統領であるサルバドール・アジェンデ・ゴセンスから駐ソビエト連邦大使に指名された（→チリ人民連合政権）。しかし指名直後の 1973年，アウグスト・ピノチェト・ウガルテ将軍が率いる軍事クーデターでアジェンデ政権は崩壊，ラゴスの指名が承認されることはなかった。クーデターに伴いアメリカへ亡命。1978年には国際連合エコノミストの地位についた。1980年代初めに帰国し，反ピノチェトの野党連合である民主同盟の代表に就任した。1987年，短期間ながら罪状なく投獄される。同 1987年「民主主義のための政党」を立ち上げた。1988年の国民投票でピノチェトの再選が否決され，1990年パトリシオ・エイルウィンが後継者として大統領に就任すると，ラゴスはエイルウィン政権下で教育大臣を，続くフレイ政権で公共事業大臣を務めた。1999年，チリ社会党とキリスト教民主党 PDCを含む政党連合（コンセルタシオン）の大統領候補に指名された。2000年1月の決選投票で勝利を収め，アジェンデ以降初めて社会党から大統領の座についた。就任後は，ピノチェト訴追への支持を明言した。めざましい経済成長と民主改革の導入により，在任中は高い支持率を誇った。

ラゴス
Lagos

ナイジェリア南西部の都市。ギニア湾に臨むナイジェリア最大の港湾都市。ラゴス島，イッド島，イコイ島，ビクトリア島などの島や潟，および大陸部のアパパ，エブテメッタ，ヤバ，スルレレの各地域からなる。港はラゴスアパパと呼ばれる。高温多湿で年平均気温 26.3℃。5～9月が雨季。 15世紀ヨルバ族の漁民がラゴス島に集落を築いたのが都市の起源。 1472年ポルトガル人が渡来，以後，奴隷貿易の基地となり，16世紀末～19世紀中頃のベナン王国の支配時代もポルトガル人によるアメリカへの奴隷貿易が行なわれていたが，1851年からイギリスの支配力が強まり，奴隷貿易を阻止，1861年イギリスが占領。以後 1866～74年イギリスの西アフリカ植民地の一部，1874～86年ゴールドコースト植民地，1906年保護領南部ナイジェリアの一部となり，1914年南北ナイジェリアの合併に伴いナイジェリア保護領の首都，1954年連邦直轄地，1960年独立とともに首都の地位を継承。以降，1991年新たに建設されたアブジャに遷都されるまでその地位にあった。商工業，文化の中心地でもあり，原油を除く輸出入の大半を扱うほか，鉄鋼，印刷，自動車組み立て，醸造，食品加工，石鹸，清涼飲料，家具などの工業がある。ラゴス島はおもに商業地区，アパパが工業地区。博物館，ラゴス大学，北西のイケジャに国際空港がある。人口 803万 (2002) 。

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