It is a terrestrial animal belonging to the Arthropoda phylum, Arachnidae family, and Araneidae family. It is a typical autumn spider, and the body length of the male and female is significantly different. Females are 35 mm long, have a thick and long abdomen with wide blue and yellow horizontal stripes, and the tip of the abdomen turns red when mature. Males are about 7 to 8 mm long, and their body color is blackish brown and blurred. The breeding season begins around September, and one or several males can be seen visiting the area around the female's web. The web is golden in color and is the most complex among web-weaving spiders. There is a fine main web in the center, and irregular webs are also found in the front and back above, so it looks like a triple web from the side. The main web has gaps every few weft threads, giving it the feel of musical staves. These gaps are due to thin scaffolding threads that were created during the web-weaving process and were not removed, and these parts can be seen through. The warp threads also branch out many times along the way, so the width of the weft threads does not change much even at the periphery. Depending on the region, what is called the orb spider is often either the golden orb spider or the long-legged orb spider, which mature in the summer, so care must be taken not to confuse or misuse the term with the orb spider. This species is a warm-climate spider found south of Honshu, through Taiwan and China, but a closely related, larger species, the giant orb spider, can be found from Amami Oshima to the southern tropical regions. The body length of this species is about 50 mm for females and 7-10 mm for males. [Takeo Yaginuma] ©Tomita Hyakushu "> Major Types of Spiders (3) Web-Building (Specimen Drawings) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
節足動物門クモ形綱真正クモ目コガネグモ科に属する陸生動物。秋を代表するクモで、雌雄で体長が著しく異なる。雌は35ミリメートルで腹部は太くて長く、青色と黄色の幅広い横縞(よこじま)があり、成熟すると腹端が赤くなる。雄は7~8ミリメートルぐらいで、体色も黒褐色でじみである。9月ごろから繁殖期に入り、雌の網の周辺に1~数匹の雄の訪れをみる。網は金色で、造網性クモ類中もっとも複雑である。中央には目の細かい主網があり、上方前後にも不規則な網があるので横からは三重網にみえる。主網は横糸数本ごとにすきまがあり、楽譜の五線の感じがある。このすきまは造網過程でつくられた細い足場糸が取り払われずに残されているためで、その部分が透けてみえるのである。縦糸も途中から何回も分岐しているので、横糸の幅は周辺になってもあまり変わらない。地域によってジョロウグモとよばれるものは、夏に成熟するコガネグモかナガコガネグモのことが多く、ジョロウグモとの混用や誤用をしないように注意を要する。本種は、本州以南から台湾、中国にかけて分布する暖地性のクモであるが、奄美(あまみ)大島から南方熱帯地方にかけては近縁の大形種のオオジョロウグモがみられる。この種の体長は、雌50ミリメートル、雄7~10ミリメートルぐらいである。 [八木沼健夫] ©冨田百秋"> クモのおもな種類(3)造網性〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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