One of the Chinese calendar systems. It was created by Guo Shujing of the Yuan Dynasty and came into effect in 1281. During the Ming Dynasty, the Shoushi calendar was renamed the "Datong calendar" by removing the "rising and falling method" from the Shoushi calendar, and was in effect for a long period until the fall of the Ming Dynasty. It is considered one of China's excellent calendar systems, with significant improvements to the calendar calculation method. It takes the solar year to be 365.2425 days, the lunar month to be 29.530593 days, and the seasonal rising and falling method to account for this. The Shoushi calendar's seasonal rising and falling method states that the solar year changes over time, shortening by 1/10,000th of a day every 100 years. It was also introduced to Japan, where there were many researchers, and it had a great influence on calendar studies in the Edo period. Many research books on the Shoushi calendar were published, but it was never directly implemented. The "Jokyo calendar" created by Shibukawa Harumi (Yasui Harumi) was modeled after the Shouji calendar. [Toshio Watanabe] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国の暦法の一つ。元(げん)朝の郭守敬(かくしゅけい)がつくった暦法で、1281年から施行された。明(みん)朝では、授時暦から消長法の部分を取り去って「大統暦」と名をかえて、明の滅亡まで長期間施行された。暦計算法に著しい改良が加えられた中国の優れた暦法の一つとされる。太陽年を365.2425日、朔望月(さくぼうげつ)を29.530593日とし、これに歳実消長法を加味したものである。授時暦の歳実消長法は、太陽年が時とともに変化し、100年につき1万分の1日ずつ短くなっていくというものである。日本にも伝来し、その研究者も多く、江戸時代の暦学に大きな影響を与えた。授時暦に関する研究書も多く刊行されたが、直接施行されることはなかった。渋川春海(しぶかわはるみ)(保井(やすい)春海)のつくった「貞享(じょうきょう)暦」は授時暦に範をとったものである。 [渡辺敏夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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