Okinawa rail (Okinawa rail) - Okinawa rail (English spelling)

Japanese: ヤンバルクイナ(山原秧鶏) - ヤンバルクイナ（英語表記）Okinawa rail

A bird of the family Rallidae (illustration) in the order Gruiformes. It is endemic to the main island of Okinawa, and lives as a resident bird in the mountain forests in the northern part of the island. Yanbaru is another name for the Kunigami region in the northern part of the island, where this species was discovered. Total length is about 30 cm. The head and back are dark olive brown, the face and throat are black, and there is a white spot behind the eye. The underside below the upper chest is striped black and white, and the beak and legs are red. In juvenile birds, the black parts of the face and the patterns on the underside are not as clear as in adults, and the beak is blackish. They live alone in pairs in forests or in thickets near wetlands, and spend most of their time on the ground, but are said to sleep in trees at night.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ツル目クイナ科の鳥(イラスト)。沖縄本島の特産種で，本島北部の山林に留鳥として生息している。ヤンバルはこの種が発見された本島北部の国頭地方の別名。全長約30cm。頭上および背面は暗オリーブ褐色，顔とのどは黒く，眼の後ろに白斑がある。上胸以下の下面は黒と白の横縞模様で，くちばしと脚は赤い。幼鳥は顔の黒色部や下面の模様が成鳥ほど鮮明でなく，くちばしは黒っぽい。山林や湿地近くの茂みのなかに単独かつがいですみ，ほとんど地上で生活しているが，夜は木の上にとまって眠るといわれている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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