Army officer. Born on January 4, 1882, in a farming family in Oita Prefecture. Graduated from the Army Academy and the Army War College. Participated in the Russo-Japanese War, became a member of the General Staff, and served as a military attaché in Germany, Denmark, and Switzerland from 1913 (Taisho 2) to 1920, observing World War I. Became commander of the Chinese garrison army in 1934 (Showa 9), and in June 1935, used military pressure to force China into the Umezu-He Yingqin Agreement, creating an opportunity for the invasion of mainland China. Became vice minister of the army in March 1936, promoted the purge of the army after the February 26 Incident, and aborted the formation of the Ugaki Kazushige cabinet in 1937. Became commander of the Kwantung Army in September 1939, and chief of the general staff in July 1944. After Japan lost the war, he signed the surrender document together with Shigemitsu Mamoru. He was sentenced to life imprisonment as a Class A war criminal and died of illness while serving his sentence. [Ryuji Sasaki] "Umezu Yoshijiro Publishing Association, edited by Uehara Yoshio, "The Last Chief of Staff = Umezu Yoshijiro" (1977, Fuyo Shobo) [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
陸軍軍人。明治15年1月4日、大分県の農家に生まれる。陸軍士官学校、陸軍大学校卒業。日露戦争に参加、参謀本部員となり、1913年(大正2)より1920年までドイツ、デンマーク、スイスの駐在武官を歴任して、第一次世界大戦を観察した。1934年(昭和9)支那(しな)駐屯軍司令官となり、1935年6月、軍事的圧力をかけて梅津‐何応欽(かおうきん)協定を中国に強要し、中国本土への侵入の契機をつくった。1936年3月陸軍次官となり、二・二六事件後の粛軍を推進し、1937年宇垣一成(うがきかずしげ)内閣の成立を流産させた。1939年9月関東軍司令官、1944年7月参謀総長となる。敗戦に際し重光葵(しげみつまもる)とともに降伏文書に調印。A級戦犯として終身禁錮の判決を受け、服役中に病死した。 [佐々木隆爾] 『梅津美治郎刊行会・上法快男編『最後の参謀総長=梅津美治郎』(1977・芙蓉書房)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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