It is an animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae. It inhabits mountainous areas at 4,000 to 6,000 meters above sea level in Ladakh, Kashmir, Tibet, and Gansu Province. Males are large, with a body length of 2.5 to 3 meters, shoulder height of 1.6 to 2 meters, tail length of 80 to 100 centimeters, and weight of 800 kilograms, while females are small, with a body length of 2 to 2.2 meters, shoulder height of 1.5 meters, tail length of 60 to 70 centimeters, and weight of 300 to 350 kilograms. Both sexes have horns, the males' horns are black and 80 to 90 centimeters long, while the females' horns are small. The shoulders are raised, but the back is almost flat, and the underside and flanks of the body are densely covered with long hair extending to 50 to 60 centimeters, and most of the tail is also covered with long hair. The body color is blackish brown or dark brown in males, and slightly lighter in females. Domesticated species are smaller than wild species and come in a variety of body colors, including red, brown, black, white and spotted. They live in herds in mountainous regions, with males and females forming separate herds from young ones. They rest on slopes during the day and forage for grass and other plant matter in the early morning and evening. The breeding season is from June to November, and after a gestation period of 255 to 300 days, they give birth to one calf per litter. Domesticated species are used for transportation, fur, meat and milk, etc. [Shiro Nakagawa] FolkloreThe wild, dark brown yaks were considered sacred. In ritual yak dances, the yak represents the sacred mountain god. The Bon scriptures also record a tale of wild yaks being the masters of the land, and of people plucking their hair to make tents, which incurred the hatred of the masters of the land. Domestic yaks are used for labor, as well as for plowing the land. In Tibet, the amount of land cultivated by yaks is indicated. Yaks are also important for milk. Dried dung is used as cooking fuel, and fur is used for clothing. Sherpa people offer horns to chortens. Papers with the names of the dead are placed in the chortens, probably to offer prayers for the spirits of the yaks as well. [Yo Kojima] Distributed in Kashmir, Tibet, and Gansu Province. Lives in mountainous areas 4,000 to 6,000 meters above sea level. Shoulders are raised, and the underside and flanks of the body are covered with dense, long hair 50 to 60 cm long. Both males and females have horns, but the female's horns are smaller. Head and body length males 250 to 300 cm (females 200 to 220 cm), shoulder height males 160 to 200 cm (females about 150 cm), weight males about 800 kg (females 300 to 350 kg) ©Shogakukan "> yak Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目ウシ科の動物。カシミールのラダック県、チベット、甘粛(かんしゅく)省の海抜4000~6000メートルの山岳地帯に生息する。雄は体長2.5~3メートル、肩高1.6~2メートル、尾長80~100センチメートル、体重800キログラムと大きいが、雌では体長2~2.2メートル、肩高1.5メートル、尾長60~70センチメートル、体重300~350キログラムと小さい。雌雄ともに角(つの)があり、雄の角は黒色で長さ80~90センチメートル、雌では小さい。肩は隆起しているが、背はほぼ平らで、体の下面と側腹には50~60センチメートルに及ぶ長毛が密生し、尾のほとんどにも長毛が生えている。体色は、雄は黒褐色ないし暗褐色、雌ではやや淡色を示す。家畜化したものは野生種より小形で、体色も赤、褐色、黒、白、斑(はん)などさまざまである。山岳地帯に群れをなしてすむが、雄と、雌および若獣は別の群れをつくる。日中は斜面で休息し、早朝と夕刻に草などの植物質をあさる。繁殖期は6~11月、255~300日の妊娠期間を経て、1産1子を産む。家畜種は運搬用、毛用、肉用、乳用などに用いられる。 [中川志郎] 民俗野生の黒褐色のヤクは神聖視された。儀礼的に行われるヤクの踊りでは、ヤクは神聖な山の神を表す。ボン教の経典でも、野生のヤクを土地の主とし、天幕をつくるためにヤクの毛をむしったので、土地の主の憎しみを招いたという伝えを記す。家畜のヤクは、荷役に使うほか、犂(すき)を引かせて耕耘(こううん)にも用いる。チベットでは、土地の広さはヤクの耕耘の量で示される。乳用としてもヤクは重要である。そのほか、乾燥させた糞(ふん)は炊事の燃料、毛皮は衣服に利用する。シェルパの人々は、角(つの)はチョルテン(堆石(たいせき)塚)に供える。チョルテンには、死者の名を記した紙を納めてあり、おそらくはヤクの霊もともに供養するのであろう。 [小島瓔] カシミール、チベット、甘粛省に分布。海抜4000~6000メートルの山岳地帯にすむ。肩は隆起し、体の下面と側腹には50~60cmの長毛が密生する。雌雄ともに角があるが、雌の角は小さい。頭胴長雄250~300cm(雌200~220cm)、肩高雄160~200cm(雌約150cm)、体重雄約800kg(雌300~350kg)©Shogakukan"> ヤク 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Metallurgical furnace - Yakinro
The theory of "government of the country and ...
A town in Belluno Province, Veneto, northeastern I...
A deciduous shrub of the Araliaceae family (APG c...
...The Maori rebelled against the pakeha (white p...
1879-1951 Chinese painter. Born in the 5th year o...
A noble family that ruled Milan and northern Italy...
A former town in Ogasa District, southern Shizuoka...
In 1285 (Kōan 8), at Iwamon, Togo, Naka County, Ch...
This refers to paddy fields in which active iron ...
…The Church of Scientology is a religious organiz...
Chinese politician of the Western Han dynasty. Al...
...General term for the Indian countries during t...
…A freshwater fish of the family Perciformes (ill...
〘noun〙① Pottery made from a mold . Also, incense c...
(1) A tool for grinding tissues, cells, and other ...