Polish novelist. His real name was Rejment. He was born to a rural church organist. He was apprenticed to a tailor, and from the age of 16 he joined a group of traveling performers under the name of Urbanski. After working as a railroad worker, he devoted himself to literary activities in Warsaw in 1893. He also made many trips to Europe and America. One of his representative works, the novella The Actress (1896), depicts the fate of a young traveling performer, and The Promised Land (1899), depicts the situation in Lodz, which was rapidly becoming capitalist with the development of the textile industry at the time, as a huge tumor of speculation, bankruptcy, and exploitation of workers. The Peasant (1904-09), which was the subject of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1924, is a masterpiece consisting of four volumes: autumn, winter, spring, and summer, depicting the life of Polish peasants in the midst of a dramatic conflict centered on the love between the father's young second wife and his son. [Shozo Yoshigami] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ポーランドの小説家。本名レイメントRejment。農村の教会オルガン弾きの息子に生まれる。仕立屋に奉公し、16歳ごろからはウルバンスキの名で旅回りの芸人の仲間に加わる。鉄道労働者を経て1893年からワルシャワで文学活動に専心する。ヨーロッパ、アメリカへの旅も数多い。代表作の一つ、中編『喜劇女優』(1896)では、若い旅役者の運命を描き、また『約束の土地』(1899)では当時繊維業の発達とともに急速に資本主義化したウッチ市の状況を投機、破産、労働者搾取の巨大な腫瘍(しゅよう)として描いた。1924年のノーベル文学賞の対象となった『農民』(1904~09)は秋、冬、春、夏の四巻からなり、ポーランド農民の生活を、父親の若い後妻と息子との恋を中心にした劇的な葛藤(かっとう)のなかに描いた名作である。 [吉上昭三] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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