Kenponashi - No health insurance

Japanese: ケンポナシ - けんぽなし
Kenponashi - No health insurance

A deciduous tall tree of the Rhamnaceae family (APG classification: Rhamnaceae). The bark is dark gray with shallow vertical fissures, and the branches are purple-brown with lenticels. The leaves are broad ovate, 8-15 cm long, pale green, and have three prominent veins. The pale green flowers are numerous in cymes at the ends of the branches in June and July. The fruits are drupes, hairless, and ripen purple-black. The fruit stalks swell in autumn and become sweet and edible. The name is said to be a corrupted version of the "tenbou pear" (hand-shaped pear) because the stalk resembles a human hand and tastes like a pear. It is said that eating the fruit raw or brewing it will soothe a hangover. The wood has beautiful grain and little warping, so it is used for decoration. It grows in the mountains and fields, and is distributed from Okushiri Island in Hokkaido to Kyushu, the Korean Peninsula, and China. In Honshu and Shikoku, there is another species, H. trichocarpa Chun et Tsiang ( H. tomentella Nakai ex Y.Kimura), which has hairy fruits. The genus H. trichocarpa is endemic to East Asia and has three species.

[Yuichi Kadota December 13, 2019]

Kenponashi flower
From June to July, pale green flowers bloom in cymes at the ends of the branches. The leaves are broadly ovate with three prominent veins. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi ">

Kenponashi flower

Kenponashi fruit
The drupes are hairless and ripen purple-black. In autumn, the upper part of the flower stalk swells and becomes sweet and edible. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi ">

Kenponashi fruit

Kenponashi (tree shape)
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Kenponashi (tree shape)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

クロウメモドキ科(APG分類:クロウメモドキ科)の落葉高木。樹皮は黒みがかった灰色で浅く縦に裂け、枝は紫褐色で皮目がある。葉は広卵形で長さ8~15センチメートル、淡緑色、3本の葉脈が目だつ。花は淡緑色で、6~7月、枝の先の集散花序に多数つく。果実は核果、無毛で紫黒色に熟す。秋に果実の柄が肥大し、甘く食用となる。肥大した果柄が人の手のようで味が梨(なし)に似るところから、手棒(てんぼう)梨が訛(なま)ってこの名になったらしい。果実を生食あるいは煎(せん)じて飲むと二日酔いを覚ますといわれている。材は木目が美しく狂いが少ないので装飾材に用いる。山野に生え、北海道の奥尻(おくしり)島から九州、朝鮮半島、中国に分布する。本州、四国には果実に毛のある別種ケケンポナシH. trichocarpa Chun et Tsiang(H. tomentella Nakai ex Y.Kimura)がある。ケンポナシ属は東アジア特産で、3種ある。

[門田裕一 2019年12月13日]

ケンポナシの花
6~7月、枝の先に淡緑色の花を集散花序に多数つける。葉は広卵形で、3本の葉脈が目だつ©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし">

ケンポナシの花

ケンポナシの果実
核果、無毛で紫黒色に熟す。秋に花柄の上部が膨れて肥大し、甘く食用となる©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし">

ケンポナシの果実

ケンポナシ〔樹形〕
©藤島淳三">

ケンポナシ〔樹形〕


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