A general term for the Monarda genus of the Lamiaceae family. It is an annual or perennial plant with 12 species distributed from North America to Mexico. Many species have a mint-like scent, and North American immigrants used them instead of tea leaves. It has opposite leaves and a two-lipped tubular flower corolla, forming a crown-like whorl of flowers. It has a square stem and a height of 50-150 cm. The best-known Monarda didyma has a crimson flame-like inflorescence at the top. Pink, purple, and white varieties have been produced through hybridization with other species. Monarda fistulosa , which has pale pink or white flowers, has thin stems overall and grows in a dense clump. It is cold-resistant, sturdy, and easy to grow. It is best grown in a sunny location with good drainage and plenty of humus. It can be propagated by dividing the plant in spring or autumn. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
シソ科モナルダ属の総称。北アメリカからメキシコにかけて 12種が分布する一年草または多年草。多くの種にハッカに似た香りがあり,かつて北アメリカの移住者は,茶葉の代りに用いたという。単葉が対生し,花冠は2唇形の筒状花で,王冠のような輪散花序を形成する。茎は四角で,草丈は 50~150cm。最もよく知られるタイマツバナ M.didymaは,真紅で炎のような花序を頂生する。多種との交雑によって,桃色,紫紅色,白色などの品種も生れている。淡い桃色または白色の花をつけるヤグルマハッカ M.fistulosaは全体に茎が細く,密生した株立ちになる。耐寒性があり,じょうぶで育てやすい。日当りがよく,腐植質を多く含む水はけのよい場所が適する。春または秋に株分けでふやすことができる。
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