British immunobiologist. In 1960, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Australian Barnett for their "discovery of acquired immune tolerance through tissue transplants." Born in Rio de Janeiro, he returned to Japan at the age of 13 and studied at Oxford University. He became a professor at the University of Birmingham in 1947 and at the University of London in 1951, and has served as director of the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence in London since 1962. The research for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize was for demonstrating that when tissue from a different species of mouse was transplanted into a mouse fetus, it took root without causing a rejection reaction, proving that the ability to produce antibodies for immunity is not yet developed during the fetal stage. [Nakagawa Rice Brewing] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの免疫生物学者。1960年「組織移植による後天的免疫耐性の発見」によりオーストラリアのバーネットとともにノーベル医学生理学賞を受けた。リオ・デ・ジャネイロに生まれ、13歳で帰国、オックスフォード大学に学ぶ。1947年バーミンガム大学、1951年ロンドン大学のそれぞれ教授に就任、1962年よりロンドン国立医療学研究所所長を務める。ノーベル賞受賞の対象になった研究は、ネズミの胎児に、種を異にするネズミの組織を移植したところ拒否反応がおこらず活着したことから、胚胎(はいたい)期には、免疫のための抗体産生能力がまだできていないことを証明したことにある。 [中川米造] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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