Hidetoshi Murakami

Japanese: 村上英俊 - むらかみひでとし
Hidetoshi Murakami

A French scholar. Born as the eldest son of Murakami Shoen, head of the Sakuyama Honjin in Shimotsuke Province (Tochigi Prefecture). He studied medicine and Dutch studies in Edo, then moved to Matsushiro in Shinshu. He studied French on his own, taking advantage of the opportunity presented by Sakuma Shozan's gunpowder manufacturing, and achieved the great feat of beginning French studies. After leaving Edo, he compiled dictionaries such as "Sango Benran" (three volumes) (1854), "Yōgaku Shōkichi Futsūban" (1855), "Gohō Tsūgo" (1857), "Futsū Mingyō" (1864), "Mingyō Fuuroku" (1870), and "Futsu-Eng-Dō Sankoku Kaiwa" (1872), and translated Jacques-Louis Daniel's "Kihoku Shiki" (Records of Western History). He was awarded the Légion d'honneur and elected as a member of the Tokyo Academy. He is buried in Aoyama Cemetery.

[Tomita Hitoshi]

"The Beginnings of the French Language: Hidetoshi Murakami and His Era" by Hitoshi Tomita (1983, Japan Broadcasting Publishing Association)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス学者。下野(しもつけ)国(栃木県)佐久山の本陣、村上松園の長子として生まれる。江戸で医学、蘭学(らんがく)を修め、信州松代(まつしろ)に移り、佐久間象山(しょうざん)の火薬製造が機縁でフランス語を独修し、仏学事始の偉業を行う。江戸出府後、『三語便覧』三巻(1854)、『洋学捷径仏英訓弁』(1855)、『五方通語』(1857)、『仏語明要』(1864)、『明要附録』(1870)、『仏英独 三国会話』(1872)など辞書の編纂(へんさん)、ジャック・ルイ・ダニエルの『西洋史記』などの翻訳をし、レジオン・ドヌール勲章を授けられ、東京学士会院会員に選ばれた。青山墓地に葬られる。

[富田 仁]

『富田仁著『フランス語事始――村上英俊とその時代』(1983・日本放送出版協会)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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