A Rinzai monk from the Kamakura period who came to Japan. The founder of the Bukko school. His other name was Zigen, and he was from Mingzhou (Zhejiang province) in China. He was a cousin of Mosho Taikan (1201-1268), and was invited by Mosho to visit Beikan Jukan (1164-1246), but later transferred to the school of Kinzan's Bujun Shihan to follow his teachings. Other disciples of his included Kankei Iitsu (1202-1281), Gottan Funei, Ryonen Homyo (?-1308?), and Enni. He lived at Shinnyo-ji Temple in Taishu and Non-ji Temple in Ganshan. When the Yuan army invaded Non-ji Temple, he recited the following anecdote: "My prized Yuan three-foot sword cuts through the spring breeze like lightning." This saved the day. After Rankei Doryu passed away, Hojo Tokimune invited Kankei Koreitsu, a disciple of Mushun, to Japan, but due to his advanced age, Kankei sent Mugaku to Japan in his place. In 1279 (Kōan 2), Mugaku came to Japan and was invited to live at Kenchō-ji Temple. In 1282, Tokimune founded Engaku-ji Temple and welcomed Mugaku as its founder. Here, he educated the Hojo clan and Kamakura samurai, establishing the foundation of the Japanese Rinzai sect. He passed away on September 3, 9th year of the Koan era. He was given the titles of Bukko Kokushi and Enmanjosho Kokushi. His successors were Takamine Kennichi and Kian Soen (1261-1313), and Muso Soseki was from below Takamine. He wrote the 10-volume Bukkoroku. [Rikizan Ishikawa April 18, 2017] [References] | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鎌倉時代の臨済(りんざい)宗の渡来僧。仏光(ぶっこう)派の祖。別号を子元といい、中国明(みん)州(浙江(せっこう)省)の人。物初大観(もっしょたいかん)(1201―1268)の従弟で、物初に誘われ北礀居簡(ほっかんきょかん)(1164―1246)に参じたが、径山(きんざん)の無準師範(ぶじゅんしはん)の門に転じて法を嗣(つ)ぐ。同門に環渓惟一(かんけいいいつ)(1202―1281)、兀庵普寧(ごったんふねい)、了然法明(りょうねんほうみょう)(?―1308?)、円爾(えんに)らがいる。台州(だいしゅう)真如寺、雁山(がんざん)能仁寺に歴住、元(げん)軍が能仁寺に侵入したおり、「珍重(ちんちょう)す大元三尺の剣、電光影裏に春風を斬(き)る」と吟じて事なきを得たという逸話が残っている。北条時宗(ほうじょうときむね)が蘭渓道隆(らんけいどうりゅう)亡きあとに、無準下の高弟環渓惟一を招聘(しょうへい)したが、環渓は高齢のため無学を代行として日本に派遣した。1279年(弘安2)来朝した無学は、建長寺に招かれて住した。1282年、時宗は円覚(えんがく)寺を開創して無学を開山に迎え、ここで彼は北条氏一門や鎌倉武士の教化にあたり、日本臨済宗の基礎を確立した。弘安(こうあん)9年9月3日示寂。仏光(ぶっこう)国師、円満常照(えんまんじょうしょう)国師の号を賜る。法嗣(はっす)に高峰顕日(こうほうけんにち)、規庵祖円(きあんそえん)(1261―1313)らがおり、高峰の下からは夢窓疎石(むそうそせき)が出ている。『仏光録』10巻がある。 [石川力山 2017年4月18日] [参照項目] | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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