Mantema - Mantema

Japanese: マンテマ - まんてま
Mantema - Mantema

A biennial plant of the Caryophyllaceae family (APG classification: Caryophyllaceae). The stem is upright and 20-40 cm tall. The leaves are oblong and hairy. In early summer, numerous flowers with a diameter of about 8 mm bloom at the ends of the branches. The petals are white with conspicuous reddish purple spots. Native to Europe. It grows in sunny places such as coasts and has become naturalized throughout Japan. The white-flowered mantemma variety is also native to Europe and has become naturalized in various places, but does not have the reddish purple spots on the petals. Makino Tomitaro wrote that when this species was introduced to Japan, it was a plant of the Agrostemma genus, and was called Manteman from its scientific name, which was shortened to Mantema. There are more than 200 species in the genus Silene worldwide, with tubular calyxes and capsules divided into multiples of the style. Those without a septum at the base of the ovary are sometimes distinguished as Melandryum .

[Eiji Miki January 21, 2021]

Today, the genus Silene is a large genus that includes species such as Cucubalus , Lychnis , and Viscaria , and has approximately 700 species worldwide.

[Editorial Department, January 21, 2021]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ナデシコ科(APG分類:ナデシコ科)の越年草。茎は直立し、高さ20~40センチメートル。葉は長楕円(ちょうだえん)形で、全体に毛が多い。初夏、枝先に径約8ミリメートルの花を多数開く。花弁は白色で、紅紫色の斑点(はんてん)が目だつ。ヨーロッパ原産。海岸など日当りのよい場所に生え、日本全土に帰化している。変種シロバナマンテマは、同じくヨーロッパ原産で各地に帰化しているが花弁に紅紫色の斑点がない。名は、本種が渡来したころムギセンノウ属Agrostemmaの植物であるとし、その学名からマンテマンとよばれていたものが、マンテマンが略されてマンテマになった、と牧野富太郎は記している。マンテマ属は全世界に二百数十種あり、萼(がく)が筒状となり、蒴果(さくか)は花柱の倍数に裂ける。子房の基部に隔壁のないものを、フシグロ属Melandryumとして区別することがある。

[三木栄二 2021年1月21日]

 現在のマンテマ属はナンバンハコベ属Cucubalus、フシグロ属、センノウ属Lychnis、ビスカリア属Viscariaなどを含む大きな属であり、世界に約700種ほどある。

[編集部 2021年1月21日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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