French journalist and politician. Born in Paris. After graduating from the Faculty of Letters at the University of Paris, he began his career as a journalist, working as a reporter for Habas. During the Popular Front period, he was active as the representative of the Paris Group of the Communist Student Union, but left the French Communist Party in 1938 in protest against Stalin's purge trials. During World War II, he participated in the Resistance and edited the illegal newspaper Le Rebel. After the war, he served as editor of Agence France-Presse and editor of France Observateur, and was also involved in the newspapers Nouvelle Observateur and Fère. As a politician, he served as deputy secretary-general of the United Socialist Party (1960-1967) before joining the Reborn Socialist Party, and as national secretary of the Socialist Party (1975-1978) he developed the theory of self-managed socialism, and was elected as France's representative in the European Parliament (1979-1984). [Yoichi Uryu] "Five Communisms" by G. Martinez, translated by Toru Kumada (Iwanami Shinsho)" ▽ "Labor Movement in Seven Countries" by G. Martinez, translated by Toru Kumada (Iwanami Shinsho)" ▽ "Speaking Stalinism" by G. Martinez, translated by Hirotake Sato (Iwanami Shinsho)" [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスのジャーナリスト、政治家。パリに生まれる。パリ大学文学部卒業後、アバス通信記者となりジャーナリストの道を歩む。人民戦線期には、共産主義学生同盟のパリ・グループの代表として活動したが、スターリンによる粛清裁判に抗議して、1938年フランス共産党を脱党。第二次世界大戦中はレジスタンスに参加し、非合法紙『反乱者』を編集した。戦後、フランス通信社編集長、『フランス・オプセルバトゥール』紙編集長を歴任し、『ヌーベル・オプセルバトゥール』『フェール』各紙にも携わる。政治家としては、統一社会党副書記長(1960~1967)を経て再生社会党に入党、社会党全国書記(1975~1978)として自主管理社会主義理論を展開、欧州議会のフランス代表議員(1979~1984)にも選ばれた。 [瓜生洋一] 『G・マルチネ著、熊田亨訳『五つの共産主義』上下(岩波新書)』▽『G・マルチネ著、熊田亨訳『七つの国の労働運動』上下(岩波新書)』▽『G・マルチネ著、佐藤紘毅訳『スターリン主義を語る』(岩波新書)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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