Bishop of Tours and saint. Roman soldier from Pannonia. It is said that his ascetic life began after he gave his cloak to Jesus, who was disguised as a beggar shivering in the cold, in Amiens in 335. Around 360, he founded the Liguger Monastery, said to be the first monastery in the Western world, near Poitiers, and then, shortly after being ordained Bishop of Tours in 372, the Marmoutier Monastery in the same city. Influenced by Egyptian and Oriental monasticism, the monastery was a collection of monasteries for his disciples centered around his own cell, but there were no rules. Since Clovis I believed that he had won the war against the Visigoths under the guidance of Martin's spirit in 507, he has been venerated as the first national saint of the Frankish Kingdom. [Tokuda Naohiro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
トゥールの司教、聖人。パンノニア出身のローマの軍人。335年アミアンにおいて、厳寒に震える乞食(こじき)を装ったイエスに自らの外套(がいとう)を与えた以後に、彼の禁欲的生活が始まったといわれる。360年ごろポアチエ近郊に西方世界の最初の修道院といわれるリギュジェ修道院を、さらに372年のトゥール司教叙任直後、同都市にマルムティエ修道院を設立した。エジプト的、オリエント的修道制の影響を受けた同修道院の形態は、彼の僧房を中心とする弟子たちの僧房の集合体であったが、規約は存在しなかった。507年クロービス1世が西ゴート戦をマルティヌスの霊の導きで戦勝したと信じて以来、彼はフランク王国の第一級の国家聖人として崇敬の対象となった。 [徳田直宏] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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