Born: March 3, 1868 in Mortagne [Died] June 2, 1951. French philosopher from Le Vésinet near Paris. His real name was Émile-Auguste Chartier. He was a professor at various high schools, and in Rouen he contributed short essays titled "propos" to newspapers every day, which eventually became the main style of his writing. He later became a professor at the Ecole Henri IV in Paris, predicted the First World War, and served as a private in the army when it began. He wrote Quatre-vingt-un chapitres sur l'esprit et les passions (1917) and Système des beaux-arts (System of the Arts) (1920) on the battlefield. He was a rationalist influenced by Jules Lannoyd and devoted to René Descartes and Benedict de Spinoza, but he rejected dogmatic systems and was a moralist who encouraged people to think through short essays. Alain's reason was not merely a philosophical principle, but a common sense that is the foundation of all life. His works span a wide range of fields and have had a profound impact not only on philosophers but also on literary figures. His other works include Propos sur le bonheur (1928), Idées (1932), and Histoire de mes pensées (1936). Alan |
[生]1868.3.3. モルターニュ [没]1951.6.2. パリ近郊ルベジネ フランスの哲学者。本名 Émile-auguste Chartier。各地の高校教授を歴任し,ルーアンでプロポ proposと題する短文を新聞に毎日寄稿し,これがやがて著作の様式の柱となった。のちにパリのアンリ4世高校教授となり,第1次世界大戦を予告し,開戦とともに一兵卒として従軍,戦場で『精神と情熱とに関する八十一章』Quatre-vingt-un chapitres sur l'esprit et les passions(1917),『芸術の体系』Système des beaux-arts(1920)を書いた。ジュール・ラニョーの影響を受け,ルネ・デカルトやベネディクトゥス・デ・スピノザに傾倒する合理主義者であるが,独断的体系を拒み,短文をもって人々の思索を促すモラリストであった。アランのいう理性は単に哲学の原理にとどまらず,生全体の根底となる良識であった。著作は広い領域にわたり,哲学者のみならず文学者にも深い影響を残している。ほかの著作に『幸福論』Propos sur le bonheur(1928),『イデー』Idées(1932),『わが思索のあと』Histoire de mes pensées(1936)など。 アラン
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