Born: March 7, 1842 in Giessen Died: February 20, 1926. Darmstadt. German economist. Studied statistics and economics at the universities of Munich, Berlin, and Göttingen. Became head of the Leipzig city statistical office in 1867, an associate professor at Leipzig University in 1869, and a professor at the University of Strasbourg in 1874. He first devoted himself to the study of statistics, then agricultural history. He was one of the central figures of the New Historical School along with G. Schmoller and L. Brentano, and was also one of the founding members of the Society for Social Policy. Knapp's name is well known today, in large part due to the concept of money he developed in his work Die staatliche Theorie des Geldes (1905). He argued that money is generated by the legal order or the state, and that it is a big mistake to derive the essence of money from its value as a material. He also wrote many other books, including Die Bauernbefreiung und der Ursprung der Landarbeiter in the older Teilen Preussens (The Emancipation of the Peasants and the Origin of the Agricultural Laborers in Old Prussia) (2 volumes, 1887). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1842.3.7. ギーセン [没]1926.2.20. ダルムシュタット ドイツの経済学者。ミュンヘン,ベルリン,ゲッティンゲン大学で統計学,経済学を学び,1867年ライプチヒ市統計局長,69年ライプチヒ大学員外教授,74年シュトラスブルク大学教授。初め統計学,次いで農政史の研究に専念した。 G.シュモラー,L.ブレンターノらとともに新歴史学派の中心の一人であり,また社会政策学会の設立メンバーの一人でもある。クナップの名が今日よく知られているのは,彼がその著作『貨幣国定説』 Die staatliche Theorie des Geldes (1905) で展開した貨幣の概念によるところが大きい。彼は,貨幣は法秩序あるいは国家によって生成するのであり,素材としての貨幣価値から貨幣の本質を導き出すのは,大きな誤りであるとした。ほかに『旧プロイセンにおける農民解放と農業労働者の起源』 Die Bauernbefreiung und der Ursprung der Landarbeiter in den älteren Teilen Preussens (2巻,1887) など著書多数。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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