Chiropractic

Japanese: chiropractic
Chiropractic

...Along with Anma and Massage, it is one of the three manual techniques. Due to the policy of full adoption of Western medicine from the Meiji period onwards, traditional Anmajutsu changed from treating illnesses to providing comfort, so in the early Taisho period, therapists who used Do-in (breathing and exercise techniques) and Judo Katsuho to the ancient Anmajutsu, incorporated theories and techniques of modern manual therapy such as American chiropractic (spinal correction therapy) and osteopathy (bone setting therapy) and developed it. The techniques can be broadly divided into the following three types...

From the bonesetter

... In the early modern period, the relationship between bone distortions and abnormalities and illnesses was studied in detail, and in the 19th century, American AT Still proposed osteopathy, which attempted to cure all illnesses by adjusting the blood flow in the arteries. Furthermore, at the end of the 19th century, Canadian Palmer DDPalmer invented chiropractic, a bodywork technique that relieves pressure on the nerves by adjusting the spine, reviving the role of the bonesetter. These treatments are not aimed at immediate results, but at maintaining overall health, and are still popular among the general public as medical-like practices. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "chiropractic" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…あんま,マッサージとともに手技三法といわれる。明治以降の西洋医学全面採用の政策により,従来のあんま術が病気の治療より慰安術に変化したため,大正初期になって,古来のあんま術に導引(呼吸と体操法),柔道活法などを用いた療術師たちが,アメリカのカイロプラクティックchiropractic(脊柱矯正療法)やオステオパシーosteopathy(整骨療法)など近代的手技療法の理論や技法をとり入れて発展させてきたものである。その手技には大別すれば次の3種がある。…

【接骨師】より

… 近世に入ると,骨のゆがみや異常と病気の関係が詳しく研究されるようになり,19世紀にはアメリカ人のスティルA.T.Stillが〈整骨療法(オステオパシー)osteopathy〉を提唱,整骨により動脈中の血流を正し,万病を治すという試みがなされた。さらに19世紀末には,カナダ人のパーマーD.D.Palmerが,脊椎矯正により神経への圧迫を除去する整体術〈カイロプラクティックchiropractic〉を考案し,かつての接骨師の役割を復活させた。これらは即効性をめざすのではなく,健康全般を維持することを目的とするとし,現在も医療類似行為として民間に浸透している。…

※「chiropractic」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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