An ancient site in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula, in the western part of the Republic of Yemen. It contains the remains of a huge stone irrigation dam, as well as a fort and a temple. Numerous inscriptions in ancient South Arabian script have also been excavated. No full-scale investigation has been carried out yet. Marib was the capital of the Sabaean kingdom, but there is no consensus on the origins of the kingdom or the construction date of the dam and other ruins. It is believed that the Queen of Sheba, who visited King Solomon in the Old Testament, had some connection to the Sabaean kingdom. The inscriptions date back to at least the 5th century BC. The kingdom was annexed by the Himyarite kingdom at the end of the 3rd century, but the dam continued to irrigate Marib. The last recorded restoration of the dam was in 542, and it appears that it eventually collapsed some time after that. [Akira Goto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アラビア半島の南部、イエメン共和国西部にある古代の遺跡。城砦(じょうさい)や神殿とともに石造りの巨大な灌漑(かんがい)用ダムの遺跡がある。また古代南アラビア文字の碑文も多数出土している。本格的な調査はいまだ実施されていない。マーリブはサバ王国の首都であったが、王国の起源やダムその他の遺跡の建造年代については定説がない。『旧約聖書』でソロモン王を訪れたシバの女王は、このサバ王国となんらかの関連があるものと考えられている。碑文は少なくとも紀元前5世紀にさかのぼる。王国は3世紀末にヒムヤル王国に併合されるが、ダムはその後もマーリブを潤していた。ダムの最後の修復の記録は542年で、その後しばらくして最終的に崩壊したようである。 [後藤 明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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