Azuma Kagami - Azuma Kagami

Japanese: 吾妻鏡 - あづまかがみ

Also written as "Toukagami." A history book covering the first half of the Kamakura Shogunate. The total number of volumes is unknown. There are some versions with 51 volumes and others with 47 volumes. It is a diary-style compilation of events from the uprising of King Mochihito to pursue the Taira clan in 1180 to the arrival of Shogun Imperial Prince Munetaka in 1266. It is thought to have been compiled in the form of a diary either at the end of the 13th century or the beginning of the 14th century. It is thought to have been compiled by an official institution of the Shogunate, but it is not clear. It is missing entries for the years Juei 2 (1183), Kenkyu 7 (96), Kenkyu 8, Kenkyu 9, Ninji 3 (1242), Kencho 1 (49), Kencho 7, Shōgen 1 (59), Kōchō 2 (62), and Bun'ei 1 (64). There are many other missing months that are not known. It is unclear whether these missing entries were lost during transcription or were never compiled in the first place. The articles are divided into six shoguns (Minamoto no Yoritomo, Yoriie, Sanetomo, Fujiwara no Yoritsune, Yoritsugu, and Prince Munetaka), and before each shogun, a brief history of the emperor, retired emperor, regent, and chancellor is provided, and the achievements of the shogun during his term are recorded chronologically. The book uses historical materials kept by the shogunate authorities, historical materials submitted by samurai, and diaries of Kyoto aristocrats, but it is limited to matters related to the shogunate and its subordinate samurai, and hardly covers incidents that occurred among Kyoto aristocrats or conflicts between samurai not belonging to the shogunate. Therefore, it can be said that the main focus was on creating a history of the shogunate. Although this book was only read by a select few, it became popular after Tokugawa Ieyasu loved it and used it as a resource for governance, and it is said that in the Edo period, each daimyo competed to read it. It is included in the Kokushi Taikei.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

『東鑑』とも書く。鎌倉幕府の前半を扱った歴史書。全体の巻数は不明。 51巻もの，47巻ものなどがある。治承4 (1180) 年の以仁 (もちひと) 王の平家追討の挙兵に始り，文永3 (1266) 年将軍宗尊親王の上洛までの事績を日記体に編修したもの。 13世紀末か 14世紀初めの成立と思われる。編修は幕府当局の公的な機関で行われたと思われるが，はっきりしない。寿永2 (1183) ，建久7 (96) ，同8，同9，仁治3 (1242) ，建長1 (49) ，同7，正元1 (59) ，弘長2 (62) ，文永1 (64) 年の記事が欠落。ほかにも欠け，伝わっていない月々も多い。これらの欠落が，転写中に失われたのか，もともと編修されなかったのかは不明。記事は各将軍 (源頼朝，頼家，実朝，藤原頼経，頼嗣，宗尊親王の6代) に分けられ，各将軍1代の前に，当時の天皇や上皇，摂政，関白の略歴を載せ，月日を追って将軍在任中の治績を記録している。幕府当局に保管されていた史料や，武士から提出された史料のほか，京都の貴族の日記などを利用しているが，対象は幕府とその配下の武士の事柄に限定され，京都の貴族の間に起った事件や，幕府に属さない武士相互の抗争などはほとんど扱っていない。したがって，幕府の歴史を作ることに主眼がおかれたものといえる。これは一部の人にしか読まれなかったが，徳川家康が愛読し治世の資にして以来広まり，江戸時代には，各大名はきそってこれを披見したといわれる。『国史大系』に収録。

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